Tanned or crust hides and skins of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared

HS v2022 Code: 4104

Chapter	Heading	Sub-heading
41	04	n/a

Code	4104
Version	HS v2022
Hierarchy Level	4
Datasource	WCO
Chapter	41

Ancestor Codes: Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather

This Code: Tanned or crust hides and skins of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared

Child Codes: Tanned or crust hides and skins; bovine or equine, without hair on, in the dry state (crust), (other than full grains, unsplit; grain splits); Tanned or crust hides and skins; bovine or equine, without hair on, in the wet state (including wet-blue), excluding full grains, unsplit; grain splits; Tanned or crust hides and skins; without hair on, bovine or equine, in the wet state (including wet-blue), full grains, unsplit; grain splits; Tanned or crust hides and skins; bovine or equine, without hair on, in the dry state (crust), full grains, unsplit; grain splits

Sibling Codes (Nearest 5): Raw hides and skins of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals (fresh, salted, dried, limed, pickled, otherwise preserved but not tanned, parchment dressed or further prepared), whether or not dehaired or split; Raw skins of sheep or lambs (fresh, salted, dried, limed, pickled or otherwise preserved, but not further prepared), whether or not with wool on or split; Raw hides and skins n.e.c in headings no. 4101, 4102; fresh, salted, dried, pickled or otherwise preserved, not further prepared, whether or not dehaired or split; Tanned or crust skins of sheep and lambs, without wool on, whether or not split, but not further prepared; Tanned or crust hides and skins of other animals, without wool or hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared

About tanned or crust hides and skins of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared

HS code 4104 covers tanned or crust hides and skins of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared. This industry plays a crucial role in the global leather supply chain, providing essential raw materials for the manufacturing of a wide range of leather products, from footwear and apparel to upholstery and accessories. The demand for these tanned or crust hides and skins is driven by the growing consumer appetite for leather goods, as well as the increasing use of leather in various industrial applications.

Production process

The production of tanned or crust hides and skins (HS code 4104) involves a multi-step process. The raw hides and skins are first subjected to a tanning process, which uses various chemicals and techniques to preserve the material and improve its durability. This is followed by a crusting stage, where the tanned hides and skins are further processed to remove excess moisture and prepare them for further downstream processing or use.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of tanned or crust hides and skins (HS code 4104) include raw hides and skins from bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, as well as various chemicals and processing equipment. The availability and quality of the raw materials, as well as the access to specialized tanning and crusting facilities, are critical factors in this industry.

Production outputs

The primary output of the industry covered by HS code 4104 is tanned or crust hides and skins, which are then used as inputs for the production of a wide range of leather products. These tanned or crust hides and skins may be further processed and used in the manufacture of 4107 Leather further prepared after tanning or crusting, 4112 Leather further prepared after tanning or crusting, of sheep or lamb, without wool on, 4113 Leather further prepared after tanning or crusting, of other animals, without wool or hair on, and other leather-based goods.

Family tree for tanned or crust hides and skins of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/41'>41: Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/4104'>4104: Tanned or crust hides and skins of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared</a>"]

    A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/4101'>4101: Raw hides and skins of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals (fresh, salted, dried, limed, pickled, otherwise preserved but not tanned, parchment dressed or further prepared), whether or not dehaired or split</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/4102'>4102: Raw skins of sheep or lambs (fresh, salted, dried, limed, pickled or otherwise preserved, but not further prepared), whether or not with wool on or split</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/4103'>4103: Raw hides and skins n.e.c in headings no. 4101, 4102; fresh, salted, dried, pickled or otherwise preserved, not further prepared, whether or not dehaired or split</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/4105'>4105: Tanned or crust skins of sheep and lambs, without wool on, whether or not split, but not further prepared</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/4106'>4106: Tanned or crust hides and skins of other animals, without wool or hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/4107'>4107: Leather further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed leather, of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, whether or not split, other than leather of heading 41.14</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/4112'>4112: Leather further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment dressed leather, of sheep or lamb, without wool on, whether or not split, other than leather of heading 41.14</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/4113'>4113: Leather further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed leather, of animals (other than ovine), without wool or hair on, whether or not split, other than leather of heading 41.14</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/4114'>4114: Chamois (including combination chamois) leather; patent leather and patent laminated leather; metallised leather</a>"]
A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/4115'>4115: Composition leather with a basis of leather or leather fibre, in slabs, sheets or strip, in rolls or not; parings and other waste of leather or of composition leather, not suitable for the manufacture of leather articles; leather dust, powder and flour</a>"]

    B --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/410411'>410411: Tanned or crust hides and skins; without hair on, bovine or equine, in the wet state (including wet-blue), full grains, unsplit; grain splits</a>"]
B --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/410419'>410419: Tanned or crust hides and skins; bovine or equine, without hair on, in the wet state (including wet-blue), excluding full grains, unsplit; grain splits</a>"]
B --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/410441'>410441: Tanned or crust hides and skins; bovine or equine, without hair on, in the dry state (crust), full grains, unsplit; grain splits</a>"]
B --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/410449'>410449: Tanned or crust hides and skins; bovine or equine, without hair on, in the dry state (crust), (other than full grains, unsplit; grain splits)</a>"]


    %% Color coordination by level

    classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level4
class D level4
class E level4
class F level4
class G level4
class H level4
class I level4
class J level4
class K level4
class L level4
class M level6
class N level6
class O level6
class P level6

  class B highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class B highlight