Chromium and articles thereof; wrought other than waste and scrap

HS v2022 Code: 811229

About chromium and articles thereof; wrought other than waste and scrap

HS code 811229 covers chromium and articles made from chromium, excluding waste and scrap. Chromium is a vital metal with a wide range of industrial applications, from stainless steel production to chemical catalysts. As a key component in many manufacturing processes, the chromium industry plays an important role in the global economy, supporting diverse sectors such as construction, transportation, and electronics.

Production process

The production of chromium and chromium-based articles typically involves several key steps. First, chromium ore is extracted from mines and processed to produce chromium metal or chromium compounds. These raw materials are then used in various manufacturing processes, such as alloying, plating, or chemical synthesis, to create the desired chromium products. Advanced techniques like vacuum metallurgy and powder metallurgy may also be employed to enhance the properties and performance of chromium-containing materials.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the chromium industry include chromium ore, which is the primary raw material, as well as various energy sources, such as electricity and fuel, to power the production processes. Specialized equipment, such as smelters, furnaces, and chemical reactors, are also essential for the efficient and safe transformation of chromium into usable products. Additionally, the industry relies on a skilled workforce with expertise in metallurgy, chemistry, and engineering to ensure the quality and consistency of the final outputs.

Production outputs

The chromium industry produces a wide range of outputs, including pure chromium metal, chromium alloys, and chromium-based compounds. These products find applications in 721010 Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel, 722410 Stainless steel in ingots or other primary forms, 284150 Chromates; dichromates; peroxochromates, and 284170 Molybdates; tungstates; vanadates; phosphates, among others. The versatility of chromium-based materials makes them essential for industries such as construction, transportation, and electronics, contributing to the overall growth and development of the global economy.

Revisions to 811229

Classification codes are adjusted frequently. The code may have been revised or replaced between system versions. The table below shows the history (newest to oldest) of the code 811229. The most recent 1 version of this code (811229) is in the HS v2022 system (this version):

This page shows the most recent version of code 811229.

Family tree for chromium and articles thereof; wrought other than waste and scrap

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/81'>81: Metals; n.e.c., cermets and articles thereof</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8112'>8112: Beryllium, chromium, hafnium, rhenium, thallium, cadmium, germanium, vanadium, gallium, indium and niobium (columbium), articles of these metals, including waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811229'>811229: Chromium and articles thereof; wrought other than waste and scrap</a>"]

    B --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811212'>811212: Beryllium and articles thereof; unwrought beryllium, powders</a>"]
B --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811213'>811213: Beryllium; waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811219'>811219: Beryllium and articles thereof; wrought other than waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811221'>811221: Chromium and articles thereof; unwrought chromium, powders</a>"]
B --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811222'>811222: Chromium; waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811231'>811231: Hafnium and articles thereof; unwrought, powders, waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811239'>811239: Hafnium and articles thereof; wrought, other than powders, waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811241'>811241: Rhenium and articles thereof; unwrought, powders, waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811249'>811249: Rhenium and articles thereof; wrought, other than powders, waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811251'>811251: Thallium and articles thereof; unwrought thallium, powders</a>"]
B --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811252'>811252: Thallium; waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811259'>811259: Thallium and articles thereof; other than unwrought thallium, powders or waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811261'>811261: Cadmium; waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811269'>811269: Cadmium; other than waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811292'>811292: Gallium, germanium, indium, niobium (columbium) and vanadium; articles thereof, unwrought, including waste and scrap, powders</a>"]
B --> S["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811299'>811299: Gallium, germanium, indium, niobium (columbium) and vanadium; articles thereof, other than unwrought including waste and scrap and powders</a>"]

    

    %% Color coordination by level

    classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level6
class D level6
class E level6
class F level6
class G level6
class H level6
class I level6
class J level6
class K level6
class L level6
class M level6
class N level6
class O level6
class P level6
class Q level6
class R level6
class S level6

  class C highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class C highlight