Chromium; waste and scrap

HS v2022 Code: 811222

About chromium; waste and scrap

HS code 811222 covers chromium waste and scrap, a critical material in various industrial processes. Chromium is a hard, lustrous, and corrosion-resistant metal that finds widespread use in the production of stainless steel, chrome plating, and various alloys. The recycling and proper management of chromium waste and scrap are essential for the sustainability of the metal industry and the broader economy.

Production process

The production of chromium waste and scrap involves the collection, sorting, and processing of chromium-containing materials. This can include the recycling of chromium-plated parts, the recovery of chromium from industrial processes, and the management of chromium-bearing waste streams. The specific techniques used may vary depending on the source and composition of the waste, but often involve mechanical separation, chemical treatment, and smelting processes to extract and purify the chromium for reuse.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the chromium waste and scrap industry include the collection and aggregation of chromium-containing materials, such as discarded metal products, industrial byproducts, and end-of-life equipment. Additionally, the industry relies on specialized equipment and machinery for the sorting, processing, and refining of the chromium waste. Energy sources, such as electricity and fuel, are also necessary for the various stages of the recycling and recovery process.

Production outputs

The primary output of the chromium waste and scrap industry is refined chromium metal, which can be used as a raw material for the production of 720810 stainless steel, 810810 chromium alloys, and other chromium-based products. The industry also generates secondary outputs, such as slag and other byproducts, which may be utilized in other industries or require proper disposal. The chromium recovered from the waste and scrap can be reintroduced into the supply chain, contributing to the circular economy and reducing the demand for primary chromium extraction.

Revisions to 811222

Classification codes are adjusted frequently. The code may have been revised or replaced between system versions. The table below shows the history (newest to oldest) of the code 811222. The most recent 1 version of this code (811222) is in the HS v2022 system (this version):

This page shows the most recent version of code 811222.

Older versions

Family tree for chromium; waste and scrap

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/81'>81: Metals; n.e.c., cermets and articles thereof</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8112'>8112: Beryllium, chromium, hafnium, rhenium, thallium, cadmium, germanium, vanadium, gallium, indium and niobium (columbium), articles of these metals, including waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811222'>811222: Chromium; waste and scrap</a>"]

    B --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811212'>811212: Beryllium and articles thereof; unwrought beryllium, powders</a>"]
B --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811213'>811213: Beryllium; waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811219'>811219: Beryllium and articles thereof; wrought other than waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811221'>811221: Chromium and articles thereof; unwrought chromium, powders</a>"]
B --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811229'>811229: Chromium and articles thereof; wrought other than waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811231'>811231: Hafnium and articles thereof; unwrought, powders, waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811239'>811239: Hafnium and articles thereof; wrought, other than powders, waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811241'>811241: Rhenium and articles thereof; unwrought, powders, waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811249'>811249: Rhenium and articles thereof; wrought, other than powders, waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811251'>811251: Thallium and articles thereof; unwrought thallium, powders</a>"]
B --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811252'>811252: Thallium; waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811259'>811259: Thallium and articles thereof; other than unwrought thallium, powders or waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811261'>811261: Cadmium; waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811269'>811269: Cadmium; other than waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811292'>811292: Gallium, germanium, indium, niobium (columbium) and vanadium; articles thereof, unwrought, including waste and scrap, powders</a>"]
B --> S["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811299'>811299: Gallium, germanium, indium, niobium (columbium) and vanadium; articles thereof, other than unwrought including waste and scrap and powders</a>"]

    

    %% Color coordination by level

    classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level6
class D level6
class E level6
class F level6
class G level6
class H level6
class I level6
class J level6
class K level6
class L level6
class M level6
class N level6
class O level6
class P level6
class Q level6
class R level6
class S level6

  class C highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class C highlight