Ferro-alloys; ferro-niobium

HS v2022 Code: 720293

About ferro-alloys; ferro-niobium

HS code 720293 covers ferro-niobium, a critical ferro-alloy used in the production of high-strength, heat-resistant steel and superalloys. Ferro-niobium plays a vital role in industries such as aerospace, automotive, and energy, where its unique properties contribute to the development of advanced materials. As a key component in the global supply chain, the ferro-niobium industry is an important part of the broader metals and minerals sector, supporting economic growth and technological innovation across various industries.

Production process

Ferro-niobium is primarily produced through the reduction of niobium oxide concentrates. The process typically involves smelting the concentrate with a reducing agent, such as aluminum or silicon, in an electric arc furnace. The molten ferro-niobium is then cast into ingots or crushed into smaller pieces for further processing and distribution.

Production inputs

The main inputs for the ferro-niobium industry include niobium oxide concentrates, reducing agents (e.g., aluminum, silicon), and energy sources (electricity or fossil fuels) to power the smelting process. Additionally, specialized equipment, such as electric arc furnaces and casting molds, are essential for the production of ferro-niobium.

Production outputs

The primary output of HS code 720293 is ferro-niobium, which is then consumed by various industries, including 720221 Ferro-chromium, 720221 Ferro-manganese, and 720229 Ferro-silicon. These ferro-alloys are used in the production of high-performance steels and superalloys, which are critical components in a wide range of applications, from aircraft engines to power generation turbines.

Revisions to 720293

Classification codes are adjusted frequently. The code may have been revised or replaced between system versions. The table below shows the history (newest to oldest) of the code 720293. The most recent 1 version of this code (720293) is in the HS v2022 system (this version):

This page shows the most recent version of code 720293.

Older versions

Family tree for ferro-alloys; ferro-niobium

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/72'>72: Iron and steel</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7202'>7202: Ferro-alloys</a>"]
B --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/720293'>720293: Ferro-alloys; ferro-niobium</a>"]

    B --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/720211'>720211: Ferro-alloys; ferro-manganese, containing by weight more than 2% of carbon</a>"]
B --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/720219'>720219: Ferro-alloys; ferro-manganese, containing by weight 2% or less of carbon</a>"]
B --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/720221'>720221: Ferro-alloys; ferro-silicon, containing by weight more than 55% of silicon</a>"]
B --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/720229'>720229: Ferro-alloys; ferro-silicon, containing by weight 55% or less of silicon</a>"]
B --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/720230'>720230: Ferro-alloys; ferro-silico-manganese</a>"]
B --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/720241'>720241: Ferro-alloys; ferro-chromium, containing by weight more than 4% of carbon</a>"]
B --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/720249'>720249: Ferro-alloys; ferro-chromium, containing by weight 4% or less of carbon</a>"]
B --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/720250'>720250: Ferro-alloys; ferro-silico-chromium</a>"]
B --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/720260'>720260: Ferro-alloys; ferro-nickel</a>"]
B --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/720270'>720270: Ferro-alloys; ferro-molybdenum</a>"]
B --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/720280'>720280: Ferro-alloys; ferro-tungsten and ferro-silico-tungsten</a>"]
B --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/720291'>720291: Ferro-alloys; ferro-titanium and ferro-silico-titanium</a>"]
B --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/720292'>720292: Ferro-alloys; ferro-vanadium</a>"]
B --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/720299'>720299: Ferro-alloys; n.e.c. in heading no. 7202</a>"]

    

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    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



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class F level6
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