Acids; carboxylic acids, (with alcohol function but without other oxygen function), lactic acid, its salts and esters

HS v2022 Code: 291811

About acids; carboxylic acids, (with alcohol function but without other oxygen function), lactic acid, its salts and esters

HS code 291811 covers a range of carboxylic acids with an alcohol function, including the important compound lactic acid. These chemicals play a vital role in various industries, from food and beverage production to pharmaceutical and cosmetic manufacturing. As a key component in many essential products, the 291811 industry is an integral part of the broader chemical sector and the global economy.

Production process

The primary production method for HS code 291811 compounds involves the fermentation of carbohydrates, such as glucose or lactose, using specific microorganisms. This biological process converts the raw materials into the desired carboxylic acids, which are then purified and processed further as needed. Depending on the target compound, additional chemical reactions or distillation steps may be employed to obtain the final product.

Production inputs

The main inputs for the 291811 industry include carbohydrate-rich feedstocks, such as 100500 Sugar Cane, 100400 (Maize (Corn)) or 040500 Milk and Cream, as well as specialized microbial cultures and fermentation equipment. Catalysts, solvents, and other processing aids may also be required, depending on the specific production process.

Production outputs

The primary outputs of the 291811 industry are the various carboxylic acids, their salts, and esters. These chemicals find applications in a wide range of industries, including 300000 Pharmaceutical Products, 330000 Cosmetic and Toiletry Preparations, and 200000 Preparations of Vegetables, Fruit, Nuts or Other Parts of Plants. The outputs of HS code 291811 may also serve as inputs for the production of other chemical compounds, such as those covered under 291700 Carboxylic acids, with additional oxygen function, and their anhydrides, halides, peroxides and peroxyacids; their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives.

Revisions to 291811

Classification codes are adjusted frequently. The code may have been revised or replaced between system versions. The table below shows the history (newest to oldest) of the code 291811. The most recent 1 version of this code (291811) is in the HS v2022 system (this version):

This page shows the most recent version of code 291811.

Family tree for acids; carboxylic acids, (with alcohol function but without other oxygen function), lactic acid, its salts and esters

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/29'>29: Organic chemicals</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2918'>2918: Acids; carboxylic acid with additional oxygen function and their anhydrides, halides, peroxides, peroxyacids; their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives</a>"]
B --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291811'>291811: Acids; carboxylic acids, (with alcohol function but without other oxygen function), lactic acid, its salts and esters</a>"]

    B --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291812'>291812: Acids; carboxylic acids, (with alcohol function but without other oxygen function), tartaric acid</a>"]
B --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291813'>291813: Acids; carboxylic acids, (with alcohol function but without other oxygen function); salts and esters of tartaric acid</a>"]
B --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291814'>291814: Acids; carboxylic acids, (with alcohol function but without other oxygen function), citric acid</a>"]
B --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291815'>291815: Acids; carboxylic acids, (with alcohol function but without other oxygen function), salts and esters of citric acid</a>"]
B --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291816'>291816: Acids; carboxylic acids, (with alcohol function but without other oxygen function), gluconic acid, its salts and esters</a>"]
B --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291817'>291817: Acids; carboxylic acids, (with alcohol function but without other oxygen function), 2,2-Diphenyl-2-hydroxyacetic acid (benzilic acid)</a>"]
B --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291818'>291818: Acids; carboxylic acids, (with alcohol function but without other oxygen function), chlorobenzilate (ISO)</a>"]
B --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291819'>291819: Acids; carboxylic acids, (with alcohol function but without other oxygen function), other than lactic, tartaric, citric, and gluconic acids and their salts and esters</a>"]
B --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291821'>291821: Acids; carboxylic acids, (with phenol function but without other oxygen function), salicylic acid and its salts</a>"]
B --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291822'>291822: Acids; carboxylic acids, (with phenol function but without other oxygen function), o-acetylsalicylic acid, its salts and esters</a>"]
B --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291823'>291823: Acids; carboxylic acids, (with phenol function but without other oxygen function), other esters of salicylic acid and its salts n.e.c. in item no. 2918.2</a>"]
B --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291829'>291829: Acids; carboxylic acids, (with phenol function but without other oxygen function), their anhydrides, halides, peroxides, peroxyacids and their derivatives, n.e.c. in item no. 2918.2</a>"]
B --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291830'>291830: Acids; carboxylic acids, (with aldehyde or ketone function but without other oxygen function), their anhydrides, halides, peroxides, peroxyacids and their derivatives</a>"]
B --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291891'>291891: Acids; carboxylic acids, with additional oxygen function (not alcohol, phenol, aldehyde or ketone) and their anhydrides, halides, peroxides and peroxyacids; 2,4,5-T (ISO) (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid), its salts and esters</a>"]
B --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291899'>291899: Acids; carboxylic acids, with additional oxygen function (not alcohol, phenol, aldehyde or ketone) and their anhydrides, halides, peroxides and peroxyacids; their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives; other than 2,4,5-T (ISO)</a>"]

    

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