Cheese and curd

HS v2022 Code: 0406

About cheese and curd

HS code 0406 covers a wide range of cheese and curd products, which are essential components of many cuisines around the world. Cheese is a dairy product made by coagulating milk, and it plays a crucial role in the global food industry, providing a rich source of protein, calcium, and other nutrients. The cheese and curd industry is a significant contributor to the agricultural and food processing sectors, generating substantial economic activity and employment opportunities across various regions.

Production process

The production of cheese and curd involves several key steps, including the coagulation of milk, the separation of curds from whey, and the aging or maturation process. Depending on the specific type of cheese, these techniques may vary, with factors such as the type of milk used, the addition of cultures or enzymes, and the temperature and humidity of the aging environment all playing a role in the final product's characteristics.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the cheese and curd industry include raw milk, which is the primary ingredient, as well as various cultures, enzymes, and other additives used to enhance the flavor, texture, and preservation of the final product. Additionally, the industry relies on specialized equipment, such as cheese vats, curd knives, and aging facilities, to ensure the efficient and consistent production of cheese and curd.

Production outputs

The cheese and curd industry produces a wide range of outputs, including fresh cheese, aged cheese, cottage cheese, and other curd-based products. These outputs are consumed by a variety of other industries, such as 1601 Sausages and similar products, of meat, meat offal or blood, 1901 Malt extract; food preparations of flour, groats, meal, starch or malt extract, not containing cocoa or containing less than 40% by weight of cocoa calculated on a totally defatted basis, not elsewhere specified or included; food preparations of goods of headings 0401 to 0404, not containing cocoa or containing less than 5% by weight of cocoa calculated on a totally defatted basis, not elsewhere specified or included, and 2106 Food preparations not elsewhere specified or included.

Family tree for cheese and curd

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/04'>04: Dairy produce; birds' eggs; natural honey; edible products of animal origin, not elsewhere specified or included</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/0406'>0406: Cheese and curd</a>"]

    A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/0401'>0401: Milk and cream; not concentrated, not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/0402'>0402: Milk and cream; concentrated or containing added sugar or other sweetening matter</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/0403'>0403: Yogurt; buttermilk, curdled milk and cream, kephir and other fermented or acidified milk and cream, whether or not concentrated or containing added sugar or other sweetening matter or flavoured or containing added fruit, nuts or cocoa.</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/0404'>0404: Whey and products consisting of natural milk constituents; whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, not elsewhere specified or included</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/0405'>0405: Butter and other fats and oils derived from milk; dairy spreads</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/0407'>0407: Birds' eggs, in shell; fresh, preserved or cooked</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/0408'>0408: Birds' eggs, not in shell; egg yolks, fresh, dried, cooked by steaming or boiling in water, moulded, frozen or otherwise preserved, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/0409'>0409: Honey; natural</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/0410'>0410: Animal products; insects and other edible products of animal origin, not elsewhere specified or included</a>"]

    B --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/040610'>040610: Dairy produce; fresh cheese (including whey cheese), not fermented, and curd</a>"]
B --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/040620'>040620: Dairy produce; cheese of all kinds, grated or powdered</a>"]
B --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/040630'>040630: Dairy produce; cheese, processed (not grated or powdered)</a>"]
B --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/040640'>040640: Dairy produce; cheese, blue-veined and other cheese containing veins produced by Penicillium roqueforti (not grated, powdered or processed)</a>"]
B --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/040690'>040690: Dairy produce; cheese (not grated, powdered or processed), n.e.c. in heading no. 0406</a>"]


    %% Color coordination by level

    classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level4
class D level4
class E level4
class F level4
class G level4
class H level4
class I level4
class J level4
class K level4
class L level6
class M level6
class N level6
class O level6
class P level6

  class B highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class B highlight