Tungsten (wolfram); articles thereof, including waste and scrap

HS v2017 Code: 8101

About tungsten (wolfram); articles thereof, including waste and scrap

hs code 8101 covers tungsten, also known as wolfram, and articles made from this versatile metal. Tungsten is a crucial material in various industries due to its exceptional properties, including high melting point, hardness, and resistance to wear and corrosion. This code encompasses not only the raw material but also waste and scrap, reflecting the importance of recycling and sustainability within the tungsten industry.

Production process

Tungsten is primarily produced through a multi-step process that begins with the mining and extraction of tungsten-bearing ores. These ores are then crushed, concentrated, and chemically processed to produce tungsten compounds, such as ammonium paratungstate. The compounds are then reduced, often using hydrogen, to obtain pure tungsten powder. This powder is then compacted and sintered at high temperatures to produce solid tungsten products, which can be further shaped and fabricated into a wide range of applications.

Production inputs

The production of tungsten-based products requires several key inputs, including tungsten-bearing ores, reducing agents like hydrogen, and specialized equipment for crushing, processing, and sintering the material. Additionally, the industry relies on skilled labor, energy sources, and advanced manufacturing technologies to ensure efficient and high-quality production.

Production outputs

The outputs of the tungsten industry encompass a diverse range of products, including pure tungsten metal, tungsten carbide, and various tungsten-based alloys and compounds. These materials find applications in 8202 cutting tools, 8401 nuclear reactors, 8505 electromagnets, and 8508 power tools, among other industries. The recycling of tungsten waste and scrap also plays a crucial role in the industry, contributing to the sustainability of this valuable resource.

Family tree for tungsten (wolfram); articles thereof, including waste and scrap

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/81'>81: Metals; n.e.c., cermets and articles thereof</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8101'>8101: Tungsten (wolfram); articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]

    A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8102'>8102: Molybdenum; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8103'>8103: Tantalum; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8104'>8104: Magnesium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8105'>8105: Cobalt; mattes and other intermediate products of cobalt metallurgy, cobalt and articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8106'>8106: Bismuth; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8107'>8107: Cadmium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8108'>8108: Titanium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8109'>8109: Zirconium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8110'>8110: Antimony; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8111'>8111: Manganese; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8112'>8112: Beryllium, chromium, germanium, vanadium, gallium, hafnium, indium, niobium (columbium), rhenium and thallium; and articles of these metals, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8113'>8113: Cermets; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]

    B --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/810110'>810110: Tungsten (wolfram); articles thereof, including waste and scrap, powders</a>"]
B --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/810194'>810194: Tungsten (wolfram); unwrought, including bars and rods obtained simply by sintering</a>"]
B --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/810196'>810196: Tungsten (wolfram); wire</a>"]
B --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/810197'>810197: Tungsten (wolfram); waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> S["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/810199'>810199: Tungsten (wolfram); articles n.e.c. in heading no. 8101</a>"]


    %% Color coordination by level

    classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level4
class D level4
class E level4
class F level4
class G level4
class H level4
class I level4
class J level4
class K level4
class L level4
class M level4
class N level4
class O level6
class P level6
class Q level6
class R level6
class S level6

  class B highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class B highlight