Bismuth; articles thereof, including waste and scrap

HS v2017 Code: 8106

About bismuth; articles thereof, including waste and scrap

hs code 8106 covers bismuth, a rare and unique metallic element, and any articles made from it, including waste and scrap. Bismuth has a wide range of industrial applications, from metallurgy and electronics to cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. As a relatively scarce resource, the global bismuth industry plays an important role in meeting the demand for this versatile material across various sectors of the economy.

Production process

Bismuth is primarily extracted from bismuth-containing ores through a multi-step process. The ore is first crushed and concentrated, then smelted to produce a bismuth-containing matte or slag. This is further refined, often through electrolytic or chemical processes, to obtain high-purity bismuth metal. Manufacturers then use this refined bismuth to produce a variety of articles, including alloys, compounds, and specialized products.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the bismuth industry include bismuth-containing ores, which are sourced from mining operations around the world. Additionally, the industry relies on various types of machinery and equipment for mining, ore processing, smelting, and refining activities. Energy sources, such as electricity and fuel, are also essential inputs for the production of bismuth and related articles.

Production outputs

The primary output of the bismuth industry is the pure bismuth metal, which is then used in the manufacture of a wide range of products. These include 8106 Bismuth; articles thereof, including waste and scrap, as well as inputs for other industries, such as 2825 Hydrazine and hydroxylamine and their inorganic salts; other inorganic bases; other metal oxides, hydroxides and peroxides, 2841 Salts of oxometallic or peroxometallic acids, and 2849 Carbides, whether or not chemically defined.

Family tree for bismuth; articles thereof, including waste and scrap

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/81'>81: Metals; n.e.c., cermets and articles thereof</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8106'>8106: Bismuth; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]

    A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8101'>8101: Tungsten (wolfram); articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8102'>8102: Molybdenum; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8103'>8103: Tantalum; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8104'>8104: Magnesium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8105'>8105: Cobalt; mattes and other intermediate products of cobalt metallurgy, cobalt and articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8107'>8107: Cadmium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8108'>8108: Titanium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8109'>8109: Zirconium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8110'>8110: Antimony; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8111'>8111: Manganese; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8112'>8112: Beryllium, chromium, germanium, vanadium, gallium, hafnium, indium, niobium (columbium), rhenium and thallium; and articles of these metals, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8113'>8113: Cermets; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]

    B --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/810600'>810600: Bismuth; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]


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class I level4
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  %% class B,C level2
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