Cobalt; mattes and other intermediate products of cobalt metallurgy, cobalt and articles thereof, including waste and scrap
HS v2017 Code: 8105
About cobalt; mattes and other intermediate products of cobalt metallurgy, cobalt and articles thereof, including waste and scrap
hs code 8105 covers a range of cobalt-related products, including cobalt mattes, intermediate products of cobalt metallurgy, and cobalt articles. Cobalt is a critical metal with diverse industrial applications, making this industry an important part of the broader mining and metals sector. Cobalt is used in the production of superalloys, batteries, catalysts, and various other products that are essential for modern technology and infrastructure.
Production process
The production of cobalt and related products under hs code 8105 typically involves several key steps. Cobalt is primarily extracted from cobalt-bearing ores through mining and mineral processing techniques. The extracted cobalt is then refined and processed into various intermediate products, such as cobalt mattes and cobalt salts, using metallurgical processes like smelting, leaching, and electroplating. These intermediate products can then be further processed into finished cobalt articles, such as cobalt metal, cobalt alloys, and cobalt-containing compounds.
Production inputs
The main inputs required for the production of cobalt and related products under hs code 8105 include cobalt-bearing ores and concentrates, as well as various energy sources, chemicals, and specialized equipment for mining, mineral processing, and metallurgical operations. Additionally, the industry relies on a skilled workforce with expertise in mining, metallurgy, and materials science.
Production outputs
The primary outputs of the industry covered by hs code 8105 include cobalt metal, cobalt alloys, cobalt compounds, and other cobalt-containing products. These outputs are then consumed by a wide range of downstream industries, such as 8407 Spark-ignition reciprocating or rotary internal combustion piston engines, 8408 (Compression-ignition internal combustion piston engines (diesel or semi-diesel engines)), 8506 Primary cells and primary batteries, and 8507 (Electric accumulators, including separators therefor, whether or not rectangular (including square)), among others.
Family tree for cobalt; mattes and other intermediate products of cobalt metallurgy, cobalt and articles thereof, including waste and scrap
graph LR A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/81'>81: Metals; n.e.c., cermets and articles thereof</a>"] A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8105'>8105: Cobalt; mattes and other intermediate products of cobalt metallurgy, cobalt and articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8101'>8101: Tungsten (wolfram); articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8102'>8102: Molybdenum; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8103'>8103: Tantalum; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8104'>8104: Magnesium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8106'>8106: Bismuth; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8107'>8107: Cadmium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8108'>8108: Titanium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8109'>8109: Zirconium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8110'>8110: Antimony; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8111'>8111: Manganese; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] A --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8112'>8112: Beryllium, chromium, germanium, vanadium, gallium, hafnium, indium, niobium (columbium), rhenium and thallium; and articles of these metals, including waste and scrap</a>"] A --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8113'>8113: Cermets; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] B --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/810520'>810520: Cobalt; mattes and other intermediate products of cobalt metallurgy, unwrought cobalt, powders</a>"] B --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/810530'>810530: Cobalt; waste and scrap</a>"] B --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/810590'>810590: Cobalt; articles n.e.c. in heading no. 8105</a>"] %% Color coordination by level classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px %% Apply classes class A level2 class B level4 class C level4 class D level4 class E level4 class F level4 class G level4 class H level4 class I level4 class J level4 class K level4 class L level4 class M level4 class N level4 class O level6 class P level6 class Q level6 class B highlight %% class A level1 %% class B,C level2 %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2 %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3 %% class B highlight