Tanned or crust hides and skins of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared

HS v2017 Code: 4104

Chapter	Heading	Sub-heading
41	04	n/a

Code	4104
Version	HS v2017
Hierarchy Level	4
Datasource	WCO
Chapter	41

Ancestor Codes: Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather

This Code: Tanned or crust hides and skins of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared

Child Codes: Tanned or crust hides and skins; bovine or equine, without hair on, in the wet state (including wet blue), excluding full grains, unsplit; grain splits; Tanned or crust hides and skins; bovine or equine, without hair on, in the dry state (crust), full grains, unsplit; grain splits; Tanned or crust hides and skins; without hair on, bovine or equine, in the wet state (including wet blue), full grains, unsplit; grain splits; Tanned or crust hides and skins; bovine or equine, without hair on, in the dry state (crust), (other than full grains, unsplit; grain splits)

Sibling Codes (Nearest 5): Raw hides and skins of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals (fresh, salted, dried, limed, pickled, otherwise preserved but not tanned, parchment dressed or further prepared), whether or not dehaired or split; Raw skins of sheep or lambs (fresh, salted, dried, limed, pickled or otherwise preserved, but not further prepared), whether or not with wool on or split; Raw hides and skins n.e.c in headings no. 4101, 4102; fresh, salted, dried, pickled or otherwise preserved, not further prepared, whether or not dehaired or split; Tanned or crust skins of sheep and lambs, without wool on, whether or not split, but not further prepared; Tanned or crust hides and skins of other animals, without wool or hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared

About tanned or crust hides and skins of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared

HS code 4104 covers tanned or crust hides and skins of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared. This industry plays a crucial role in the global leather supply chain, providing essential raw materials for the production of a wide range of leather goods, from footwear and apparel to furniture and automotive interiors. As a key component of the broader 41 Raw hides, skins and leather industry, the 4104 sector contributes significantly to international trade and economic development.

Production process

The production of tanned or crust hides and skins (HS 4104) involves a series of complex processing steps. After the initial collection and sorting of raw hides, the tanning process begins, which typically involves the use of chromium salts or vegetable tanning agents to convert the raw material into a stable, durable leather. The tanned hides may then undergo further processing, such as splitting, dyeing, and finishing, to meet the specific requirements of downstream industries.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of tanned or crust hides and skins (HS 4104) include raw hides and skins, tanning agents (such as chromium salts or vegetable tannins), specialized machinery for hide processing, and various chemicals and dyes used in the finishing stages. Additionally, the industry relies on a skilled workforce with expertise in leather processing and tanning techniques.

Production outputs

The primary output of the HS 4104 industry is tanned or crust hides and skins, which are then consumed by a range of downstream industries, including 4107 Leather of bovine or equine animals, without hair on, other than leather of heading 4108 or 4109, 4112 Leather further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed leather, of sheep or lamb, without wool on, whether or not split, other than leather of heading 4114, and 4114 (Chamois (including combination chamois) leather; patent leather and patent laminated leather; metallized leather). These processed leather materials are essential for the production of a wide variety of leather goods, from footwear and apparel to furniture and automotive interiors.

Family tree for tanned or crust hides and skins of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/41'>41: Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/4104'>4104: Tanned or crust hides and skins of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared</a>"]

    A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/4101'>4101: Raw hides and skins of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals (fresh, salted, dried, limed, pickled, otherwise preserved but not tanned, parchment dressed or further prepared), whether or not dehaired or split</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/4102'>4102: Raw skins of sheep or lambs (fresh, salted, dried, limed, pickled or otherwise preserved, but not further prepared), whether or not with wool on or split</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/4103'>4103: Raw hides and skins n.e.c in headings no. 4101, 4102; fresh, salted, dried, pickled or otherwise preserved, not further prepared, whether or not dehaired or split</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/4105'>4105: Tanned or crust skins of sheep and lambs, without wool on, whether or not split, but not further prepared</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/4106'>4106: Tanned or crust hides and skins of other animals, without wool or hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/4107'>4107: Leather further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed leather, of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, whether or not split, other than leather of heading 41.14</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/4112'>4112: Leather further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment dressed leather, of sheep or lamb, without wool on, whether or not split, other than leather of heading 41.14</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/4113'>4113: Leather further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed leather, of animals (other than ovine), without wool or hair on, whether or not split, other than leather of heading 41.14</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/4114'>4114: Chamois (including combination chamois) leather; patent leather and patent laminated leather; metallised leather</a>"]
A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/4115'>4115: Composition leather with a basis of leather or leather fibre, in slabs, sheets or strip, in rolls or not; parings and other waste of leather or of composition leather, not suitable for the manufacture of leather articles; leather dust, powder and flour</a>"]

    B --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/410411'>410411: Tanned or crust hides and skins; without hair on, bovine or equine, in the wet state (including wet blue), full grains, unsplit; grain splits</a>"]
B --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/410419'>410419: Tanned or crust hides and skins; bovine or equine, without hair on, in the wet state (including wet blue), excluding full grains, unsplit; grain splits</a>"]
B --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/410441'>410441: Tanned or crust hides and skins; bovine or equine, without hair on, in the dry state (crust), full grains, unsplit; grain splits</a>"]
B --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/410449'>410449: Tanned or crust hides and skins; bovine or equine, without hair on, in the dry state (crust), (other than full grains, unsplit; grain splits)</a>"]


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