Zinc ores and concentrates
HS v2017 Code: 2608
About zinc ores and concentrates
HS code 2608 covers zinc ores and concentrates, which are essential raw materials for the production of zinc, a versatile metal with a wide range of industrial applications. The zinc industry plays a crucial role in the global economy, supporting industries such as construction, automotive, and electronics. Zinc ores and concentrates are mined and processed to extract the pure metal, which is then used in various manufacturing processes and consumer products.
Production process
The production of zinc from ores and concentrates typically involves several key steps. First, the ore is extracted from the ground through mining operations. The ore is then crushed, ground, and concentrated to increase the zinc content. This is often done through froth flotation, a process that separates the valuable zinc-containing minerals from the unwanted gangue materials. The concentrated zinc-bearing material is then smelted, typically using a pyrometallurgical process, to produce pure zinc metal.
Production inputs
The main inputs required for the production of zinc ores and concentrates include the raw zinc-bearing ore, which is mined from the earth's crust. Additionally, the production process requires various types of mining and processing equipment, such as crushers, mills, flotation cells, and smelting furnaces. Energy sources, such as electricity or fossil fuels, are also essential inputs for the different stages of zinc production.
Production outputs
The primary output of HS code 2608 is zinc ores and concentrates, which are then further processed to produce pure zinc metal. The zinc metal produced from these ores and concentrates is used in a wide range of industries, including 7901 Unwrought zinc, 7902 Zinc waste and scrap, and 7903 Zinc dust, powders, and flakes, which are all classified under different HS codes.
Family tree for zinc ores and concentrates
graph LR
A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/26'>26: Ores, slag and ash</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2608'>2608: Zinc ores and concentrates</a>"]
A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2601'>2601: Iron ores and concentrates; including roasted iron pyrites</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2602'>2602: Manganese ores and concentrates, including ferruginous manganese ores and concentrates with a manganese content of 20% or more, calculated on the dry weight</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2603'>2603: Copper ores and concentrates</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2604'>2604: Nickel ores and concentrates</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2605'>2605: Cobalt ores and concentrates</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2606'>2606: Aluminium ores and concentrates</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2607'>2607: Lead ores and concentrates</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2609'>2609: Tin ores and concentrates</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2610'>2610: Chromium ores and concentrates</a>"]
A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2611'>2611: Tungsten ores and concentrates</a>"]
A --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2612'>2612: Uranium or thorium ores and concentrates</a>"]
A --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2613'>2613: Molybdenum ores and concentrates</a>"]
A --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2614'>2614: Titanium ores and concentrates</a>"]
A --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2615'>2615: Niobium, tantalum, vanadium or zirconium ores and concentrates</a>"]
A --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2616'>2616: Precious metal ores and concentrates</a>"]
A --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2617'>2617: Ores and concentrates; n.e.c. in heading no. 2601</a>"]
A --> S["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2618'>2618: Granulated slag (slag sand) from the manufacture of iron or steel</a>"]
A --> T["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2619'>2619: Slag, dross; (other than granulated slag), scalings and other waste from the manufacture of iron or steel</a>"]
A --> U["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2620'>2620: Slag, ash and residues; (not from the manufacture of iron or steel) containing metals, arsenic or their compounds</a>"]
A --> V["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2621'>2621: Slag and ash n.e.c. in chapter 26; including seaweed ash (kelp) and ash and residues from the incineration of municipal waste</a>"]
B --> W["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/260800'>260800: Zinc ores and concentrates</a>"]
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