Printing machinery; gravure

HS v2022 Code: 844317

About printing machinery; gravure

HS code 844317 covers the import and export of gravure printing machinery, a critical component of the global printing and publishing industry. Gravure printing is a high-quality, high-volume printing process used for magazines, catalogs, packaging, and other commercial applications. This specialized machinery plays a vital role in the production of a wide range of printed materials that are essential for businesses, consumers, and the overall economy.

Production process

Gravure printing involves the use of a metal cylinder with recessed image areas that are filled with ink. As the cylinder rotates, the ink is transferred to the substrate, creating the printed image. This process allows for precise control over ink coverage and enables the production of high-quality, consistent prints at high speeds. The gravure printing process is known for its ability to produce vibrant colors, fine details, and smooth tonal gradations, making it a preferred choice for many high-end printing applications.

Production inputs

The production of gravure printing machinery requires a range of specialized inputs, including precision metal components, advanced control systems, and specialized inks and coatings. Manufacturers of this equipment rely on a supply chain that includes 721320 Manufacture of machinery for metallurgy, 722310 (Manufacture of office machinery and equipment (except computers and peripheral equipment)), and 201700 Manufacture of other chemical products n.e.c..

Production outputs

Gravure printing machinery produced under HS code 844317 is primarily used in the printing and publishing industry, where it is essential for the production of magazines, catalogs, packaging, and other high-quality printed materials. The output of this industry is consumed by a wide range of 170100 Manufacture of pulp, paper and paperboard and 181200 Printing and service activities related to printing.

Revisions to 844317

Classification codes are adjusted frequently. The code may have been revised or replaced between system versions. The table below shows the history (newest to oldest) of the code 844317. The most recent 1 version of this code (844317) is in the HS v2022 system (this version):

This page shows the most recent version of code 844317.

Older versions

Family tree for printing machinery; gravure

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/84'>84: Machinery and mechanical appliances, boilers, nuclear reactors; parts thereof</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8443'>8443: Printing machinery; used for printing by means of plates, cylinders and other printing components of heading 84.42; other printers, copying machines and facsimile machines, whether or not combined; parts and accessories thereof</a>"]
B --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844317'>844317: Printing machinery; gravure</a>"]

    B --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844311'>844311: Printing machinery; offset, reel-fed</a>"]
B --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844312'>844312: Printing machinery; offset, sheet-fed, office type (sheet size not exceeding 22 x 36cm in the unfolded state)</a>"]
B --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844313'>844313: Printing machinery; offset, n.e.c. in item no. 8443.1</a>"]
B --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844314'>844314: Printing machinery; letterpress, reel-fed, excluding flexographic printing</a>"]
B --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844315'>844315: Printing machinery; letterpress, other than reel-fed, excluding flexographic printing</a>"]
B --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844316'>844316: Printing machinery; flexographic</a>"]
B --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844319'>844319: Printing machinery; used for printing by means of plates, cylinders and other printing components of heading 84.42, n.e.c. in item no. 8443.1</a>"]
B --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844331'>844331: Printing, copying, and facsimile machines; machines which perform two or more of the functions of printing, copying or facsimile transmission, capable of connecting to an automatic data processing machine or to a network</a>"]
B --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844332'>844332: Printing, copying, and facsimile machines; single-function printing, copying or facsimile machines, capable of connecting to an automatic data processing machine or to a network</a>"]
B --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844339'>844339: Printing, copying, and facsimile machines; single-function printing, copying or facsimile machines, not capable of connecting to an automatic data processing machine or to a network</a>"]
B --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844391'>844391: Printing machinery used for printing by means of plates, cylinders and other printing components of heading 8442; parts and accessories</a>"]
B --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844399'>844399: Printing machinery; parts and accessories, n.e.c. in item no. 8443.91</a>"]

    

    %% Color coordination by level

    classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level6
class D level6
class E level6
class F level6
class G level6
class H level6
class I level6
class J level6
class K level6
class L level6
class M level6
class N level6
class O level6

  class C highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class C highlight