Printing machinery; offset, n.e.c. in item no. 8443.1

HS v2022 Code: 844313

About printing machinery; offset, n.e.c. in item no. 8443.1

HS code 844313 covers a range of printing machinery, specifically offset printing presses that are not classified elsewhere. This industry plays a crucial role in the broader manufacturing and publishing sectors, enabling the mass production of printed materials such as books, magazines, newspapers, and commercial products. Offset printing is a widely adopted technique due to its cost-effectiveness, high-quality output, and versatility in handling a variety of printing substrates.

Production process

The main production technique for offset printing machinery involves the transfer of an image from a plate to a rubber-covered cylinder, and then to the printing surface. This indirect printing method allows for consistent, high-quality reproductions with minimal distortion. The printing plates are typically made of aluminum or polymer, and the ink is transferred to the plate using a dampening system. The offset printing process can handle a wide range of materials, including paper, cardboard, plastic, and even metal.

Production inputs

The key inputs for the offset printing machinery industry include raw materials such as aluminum or polymer for the printing plates, rubber for the cylinder covers, and various inks and solvents. Additionally, the industry relies on specialized machinery, including printing presses, plate-making equipment, and post-processing devices like cutters and binders. Skilled labor, including press operators, pre-press technicians, and maintenance personnel, is also a critical input for this industry.

Production outputs

The primary outputs of the offset printing machinery industry are the printing presses and related equipment used in commercial and industrial printing operations. These machines are used to produce a wide range of printed materials, including 481110 Newspapers, 323111 Commercial printing, except screen and books, and 323113 Commercial screen printing. The offset printing machinery industry also supports the broader 323 Printing and related support activities sector, which encompasses a variety of printing and publishing activities.

Revisions to 844313

Classification codes are adjusted frequently. The code may have been revised or replaced between system versions. The table below shows the history (newest to oldest) of the code 844313. The most recent 1 version of this code (844313) is in the HS v2022 system (this version):

This page shows the most recent version of code 844313.

Family tree for printing machinery; offset, n.e.c. in item no. 8443.1

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/84'>84: Machinery and mechanical appliances, boilers, nuclear reactors; parts thereof</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8443'>8443: Printing machinery; used for printing by means of plates, cylinders and other printing components of heading 84.42; other printers, copying machines and facsimile machines, whether or not combined; parts and accessories thereof</a>"]
B --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844313'>844313: Printing machinery; offset, n.e.c. in item no. 8443.1</a>"]

    B --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844311'>844311: Printing machinery; offset, reel-fed</a>"]
B --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844312'>844312: Printing machinery; offset, sheet-fed, office type (sheet size not exceeding 22 x 36cm in the unfolded state)</a>"]
B --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844314'>844314: Printing machinery; letterpress, reel-fed, excluding flexographic printing</a>"]
B --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844315'>844315: Printing machinery; letterpress, other than reel-fed, excluding flexographic printing</a>"]
B --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844316'>844316: Printing machinery; flexographic</a>"]
B --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844317'>844317: Printing machinery; gravure</a>"]
B --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844319'>844319: Printing machinery; used for printing by means of plates, cylinders and other printing components of heading 84.42, n.e.c. in item no. 8443.1</a>"]
B --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844331'>844331: Printing, copying, and facsimile machines; machines which perform two or more of the functions of printing, copying or facsimile transmission, capable of connecting to an automatic data processing machine or to a network</a>"]
B --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844332'>844332: Printing, copying, and facsimile machines; single-function printing, copying or facsimile machines, capable of connecting to an automatic data processing machine or to a network</a>"]
B --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844339'>844339: Printing, copying, and facsimile machines; single-function printing, copying or facsimile machines, not capable of connecting to an automatic data processing machine or to a network</a>"]
B --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844391'>844391: Printing machinery used for printing by means of plates, cylinders and other printing components of heading 8442; parts and accessories</a>"]
B --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/844399'>844399: Printing machinery; parts and accessories, n.e.c. in item no. 8443.91</a>"]

    

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    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



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class B level4
class C level6
class D level6
class E level6
class F level6
class G level6
class H level6
class I level6
class J level6
class K level6
class L level6
class M level6
class N level6
class O level6

  class C highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class C highlight