Titanium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap

HS v2022 Code: 8108

About titanium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap

HS code 8108 covers titanium and articles made from titanium, including waste and scrap. Titanium is a lightweight, strong, and corrosion-resistant metal that has a wide range of industrial and commercial applications. It is particularly important in the aerospace, automotive, and medical industries, where its unique properties make it a valuable material. The global titanium market is expected to grow significantly in the coming years, driven by increasing demand from these key sectors.

Production process

Titanium is primarily produced through the Kroll process, which involves the reduction of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) with magnesium to produce titanium sponge. This sponge is then melted and cast into ingots or other shapes, which can be further processed through techniques such as forging, rolling, or machining to create a wide range of titanium products.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the titanium industry include titanium ore (ilmenite or rutile), chlorine, and magnesium. Additionally, specialized equipment such as furnaces, casting molds, and rolling mills are necessary for the various production stages. The industry also relies on skilled labor, energy resources, and transportation infrastructure to support the manufacturing and distribution of titanium goods.

Production outputs

Titanium and titanium articles produced under HS code 8108 are used in a variety of applications, including 8407 aircraft engines, 8408 diesel engines, 8409 parts for engines, 8411 turbojets, turbopropellers, and other gas turbines, 8412 other engines and motors, 8413 pumps for liquids, 8414 air or vacuum pumps, compressors, and fans, and 8415 air conditioning machines. Titanium is also widely used in the medical industry, construction, and consumer goods.

Family tree for titanium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/81'>81: Metals; n.e.c., cermets and articles thereof</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8108'>8108: Titanium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]

    A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8101'>8101: Tungsten (wolfram); articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8102'>8102: Molybdenum; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8103'>8103: Tantalum; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8104'>8104: Magnesium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8105'>8105: Cobalt; mattes and other intermediate products of cobalt metallurgy, cobalt and articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8106'>8106: Bismuth; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8109'>8109: Zirconium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8110'>8110: Antimony; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8111'>8111: Manganese; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8112'>8112: Beryllium, chromium, hafnium, rhenium, thallium, cadmium, germanium, vanadium, gallium, indium and niobium (columbium), articles of these metals, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8113'>8113: Cermets; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]

    B --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/810820'>810820: Titanium; unwrought, powders</a>"]
B --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/810830'>810830: Titanium; waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/810890'>810890: Titanium; other than unwrought, n.e.c. in heading no. 8108</a>"]


    %% Color coordination by level

    classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level4
class D level4
class E level4
class F level4
class G level4
class H level4
class I level4
class J level4
class K level4
class L level4
class M level4
class N level6
class O level6
class P level6

  class B highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class B highlight