Tungsten (wolfram); waste and scrap

HS code 810197 covers tungsten (also known as wolfram), a rare and valuable metal with a wide range of industrial applications. Tungsten is prized for its high melting point, strength, and resistance to wear and corrosion, making it an essential material in the production of tools, machinery, and various high-performance components. The global tungsten industry plays a crucial role in supporting the manufacturing, construction, and energy sectors, contributing to economic growth and technological advancement across diverse industries.

Tungsten is primarily produced through the mining and processing of tungsten-containing ores, such as scheelite and wolframite. The production process typically involves ore extraction, concentration, and chemical processing to obtain pure tungsten metal or tungsten compounds. Advanced techniques like powder metallurgy and chemical vapor deposition are also used to manufacture specialized tungsten products, such as cutting tools, electrical contacts, and high-temperature furnace components.

The tungsten industry relies on a range of inputs, including tungsten-bearing ores, energy sources (such as electricity and fuel), and specialized machinery and equipment for mining, processing, and manufacturing. Additionally, the industry requires a skilled workforce with expertise in mining, metallurgy, and engineering to ensure efficient and sustainable production.

The primary outputs of the tungsten industry include tungsten metal, tungsten carbide, and various tungsten compounds, which are then used as inputs for a wide range of industries. These include the 820713 metalworking machinery, 851140 ignition wiring sets and other wiring sets for vehicles, aircraft or ships, and 854011 cathode-ray television picture tubes, including video monitor cathode-ray tubes industries, among others. The recycling and reuse of tungsten-containing waste and scrap materials also play a significant role in the industry's overall output.