Tungsten (wolfram); articles thereof, including waste and scrap

HS v2022 Code: 8101

About tungsten (wolfram); articles thereof, including waste and scrap

HS code 8101 covers tungsten, a rare and valuable metal with a wide range of industrial applications. Tungsten is known for its exceptional hardness, high melting point, and resistance to wear and corrosion, making it an essential material in various manufacturing sectors. This industry plays a crucial role in the global economy, supporting the production of cutting tools, electronics, and specialized machinery across diverse industries.

Production process

The production of tungsten-based products typically involves several key steps. Tungsten ore is first mined and processed to extract the pure metal. The extracted tungsten is then refined and alloyed with other materials, such as cobalt or nickel, to enhance its properties. The resulting tungsten alloy is then shaped into the desired form, such as wires, sheets, or powders, through techniques like casting, rolling, or powder metallurgy.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the tungsten industry include tungsten ore, as well as various alloying elements and processing equipment. Tungsten ore is the primary raw material, which is typically mined from deposits found in regions like China, Russia, and Canada. Additionally, the industry relies on specialized machinery and tools for mining, refining, and shaping the tungsten into finished products.

Production outputs

The tungsten industry produces a wide range of outputs, including tungsten metal, tungsten carbide, and various tungsten-based articles. These outputs are then consumed by a variety of other industries, such as 8202 Handsaws, blades for saws of all kinds, 8464 Machinery for working stone, ceramics, concrete, asbestos-cement or like mineral materials or for cold-working glass, and 8515 (Electric (including electrically heated gas), laser or other light or photon beam, ultrasonic, electron beam, magnetic pulse or plasma arc soldering, brazing or welding machines and apparatus, whether or not capable of cutting; electric machines and apparatus for hot spraying of metals or cermets).

Family tree for tungsten (wolfram); articles thereof, including waste and scrap

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/81'>81: Metals; n.e.c., cermets and articles thereof</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8101'>8101: Tungsten (wolfram); articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]

    A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8102'>8102: Molybdenum; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8103'>8103: Tantalum; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8104'>8104: Magnesium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8105'>8105: Cobalt; mattes and other intermediate products of cobalt metallurgy, cobalt and articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8106'>8106: Bismuth; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8108'>8108: Titanium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8109'>8109: Zirconium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8110'>8110: Antimony; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8111'>8111: Manganese; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8112'>8112: Beryllium, chromium, hafnium, rhenium, thallium, cadmium, germanium, vanadium, gallium, indium and niobium (columbium), articles of these metals, including waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8113'>8113: Cermets; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]

    B --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/810110'>810110: Tungsten (wolfram); articles thereof, including waste and scrap, powders</a>"]
B --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/810194'>810194: Tungsten (wolfram); unwrought, including bars and rods obtained simply by sintering</a>"]
B --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/810196'>810196: Tungsten (wolfram); wire</a>"]
B --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/810197'>810197: Tungsten (wolfram); waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/810199'>810199: Tungsten (wolfram); articles n.e.c. in heading no. 8101</a>"]


    %% Color coordination by level

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    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level4
class D level4
class E level4
class F level4
class G level4
class H level4
class I level4
class J level4
class K level4
class L level4
class M level4
class N level6
class O level6
class P level6
class Q level6
class R level6

  class B highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class B highlight