Music, printed or in manuscript, whether or not bound or illustrated

HS v2022 Code: 4904

About music, printed or in manuscript, whether or not bound or illustrated

HS code 4904 covers the import and export of printed or handwritten music, including sheet music, songbooks, and other musical publications. This industry plays a vital role in the global distribution and consumption of musical content, catering to the needs of musicians, music educators, and music enthusiasts worldwide. As a key component of the broader cultural and creative industries, the trade in printed music contributes to the preservation and dissemination of musical heritage and the promotion of artistic expression.

Production process

The production of printed music typically involves the use of specialized printing techniques, such as offset printing, digital printing, or even traditional letterpress methods. These processes allow for the accurate reproduction of musical notation, lyrics, and other textual and graphical elements that comprise a musical publication. Depending on the intended use and format, printed music may be produced in small batches or large print runs to meet the demands of the market.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of printed music include high-quality paper, ink, and binding materials. Specialized software and equipment, such as music notation programs, printing presses, and binding machines, are also essential for the efficient and accurate production of musical publications. Additionally, the industry relies on the creative input of composers, arrangers, and music engravers to generate the musical content that is then reproduced and distributed.

Production outputs

The primary outputs of HS code 4904 are printed musical scores, songbooks, and other musical publications, which are then consumed by a variety of end-users, including 4901 Newspapers, journals and periodicals, whether or not illustrated or containing advertising material, 4902 Newspapers, journals and periodicals, whether or not illustrated or containing advertising material, and 4903 Books, brochures, leaflets and similar printed matter, whether or not in single sheets. These printed music products serve as essential resources for musicians, music educators, and music enthusiasts, facilitating the learning, performance, and appreciation of musical works.

Family tree for music, printed or in manuscript, whether or not bound or illustrated

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/49'>49: Printed books, newspapers, pictures and other products of the printing industry; manuscripts, typescripts and plans</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/4904'>4904: Music, printed or in manuscript, whether or not bound or illustrated</a>"]

    A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/4901'>4901: Printed books, brochures, leaflets and similar printed matter, whether or not in single sheets</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/4902'>4902: Newspapers, journals and periodicals, whether or not illustrated or containing advertising material</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/4903'>4903: Children's picture, drawing or colouring books</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/4905'>4905: Maps and hydrographic or similar charts of all kinds, including atlases, wall maps, topographical plans and globes, printed</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/4906'>4906: Plans and drawings; for architectural, engineering, industrial, commercial, topographical or similar, being originals drawn by hand; hand-written texts; photo- graphic reproductions; their carbon copies</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/4907'>4907: Unused postage, revenue or similar stamps of current or new issue in the country in which they have, or will have, a recognised face value; stamp-impressed paper; cheque forms; banknotes, stock, share or bond certificates and the like of similar title</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/4908'>4908: Transfers (decalcomanias)</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/4909'>4909: Printed or illustrated postcards; printed cards bearing personal greetings, messages or announcements, whether or not illustrated, with or without envelopes or trimmings</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/4910'>4910: Calendars of any kind, printed, including calendar blocks</a>"]
A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/4911'>4911: Printed matter, n.e.c., including printed pictures and photographs</a>"]

    B --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/490400'>490400: Music; printed or in manuscript, whether or not bound or illustrated</a>"]


    %% Color coordination by level

    classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level4
class D level4
class E level4
class F level4
class G level4
class H level4
class I level4
class J level4
class K level4
class L level4
class M level6

  class B highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class B highlight