Alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, ergotamine (INN) and its salts

HS v2022 Code: 293962

About alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, ergotamine (inn) and its salts

HS code 293962 covers the alkaloids derived from rye ergot, a fungus that infects rye and other grains. These alkaloids, including the medically important ergotamine, have a long history of use in traditional and modern medicine. The production and trade of these specialized chemicals play a crucial role in the global pharmaceutical industry, supporting the development of vital drugs and therapies.

Production process

The production of alkaloids under HS code 293962 typically involves the extraction and purification of the relevant compounds from rye ergot. This process often begins with the cultivation and harvesting of the ergot fungus, followed by extraction using solvents or other techniques to isolate the desired alkaloids. Further purification steps, such as crystallization or chromatography, may be employed to obtain the final pharmaceutical-grade products.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of HS code 293962 alkaloids include the rye ergot fungus as the primary raw material, as well as various solvents, reagents, and specialized equipment for the extraction and purification processes. Skilled labor, particularly in the fields of chemistry and pharmaceutical manufacturing, is also a critical input for this industry.

Production outputs

The primary outputs of HS code 293962 are the purified alkaloid compounds, such as ergotamine and its salts, which are then used as active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in the production of various medications. These outputs may be consumed by 300410 Medicaments; containing alkaloids or derivatives thereof, not containing hormones, other products of heading no. 2937 or antibiotics, 300490 Medicaments; n.e.c. in heading no. 3004, put up in measured doses or in forms or packings for retail sale, and other pharmaceutical manufacturing industries.

Revisions to 293962

Classification codes are adjusted frequently. The code may have been revised or replaced between system versions. The table below shows the history (newest to oldest) of the code 293962. The most recent 1 version of this code (293962) is in the HS v2022 system (this version):

This page shows the most recent version of code 293962.

Family tree for alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, ergotamine (inn) and its salts

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/29'>29: Organic chemicals</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2939'>2939: Alkaloids; natural or reproduced by synthesis, and their salts, ethers, esters and other derivatives</a>"]
B --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293962'>293962: Alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, ergotamine (INN) and its salts</a>"]

    B --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293911'>293911: Alkaloids; of opium and their derivatives; salts thereof</a>"]
B --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293919'>293919: Alkaloids; of opium and their derivatives; other than in 2939.11, salts thereof</a>"]
B --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293920'>293920: Alkaloids; of cinchona and their derivatives; salts thereof</a>"]
B --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293930'>293930: Alkaloids; caffeine and its salts</a>"]
B --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293941'>293941: Alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; salts thereof</a>"]
B --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293942'>293942: Alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; pseudoephedrine (INN) and its salts</a>"]
B --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293943'>293943: Alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; cathine (INN) and its salts</a>"]
B --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293944'>293944: Alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; norephedrine and its salts</a>"]
B --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293945'>293945: Alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; levometamfetamine, metamfetamine (INN), metamefetamine racemate and their salts</a>"]
B --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293949'>293949: Alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; other than ephedrine, pseudoephedrine (INN), norephedrine, cathine (INN), levometamfetamine, metamfetamine (INN), metamefetamine racemate and their salts</a>"]
B --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293951'>293951: Alkaloids; theophylline and aminophylline (theophylline-ethylenediamine) and their derivatives; salts thereof, fenetylline (INN) and its salts</a>"]
B --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293959'>293959: Alkaloids; theophylline and aminophylline (theophylline-ethylenediamine) and their derivatives; salts thereof, other than fenetylline</a>"]
B --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293961'>293961: Alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, ergometrine (INN) and its salts</a>"]
B --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293963'>293963: Alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, lysergic acid and its salts</a>"]
B --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293969'>293969: Alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, salts thereof, n.e.c. in item no. 2939.6</a>"]
B --> S["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293972'>293972: Alkaloids; of vegetal origin, cocaine, ecgonine; salts, esters and other derivatives thereof</a>"]
B --> T["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293979'>293979: Alkaloids; of vegetal origin, other than cocaine, ecgonine; salts, esters and other derivatives; n.e.c. in heading no. 2939</a>"]
B --> U["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293980'>293980: Alkaloids; natural or reproduced by synthesis, and their salts, esters and other derivatives n.e.c. in heading no. 2939</a>"]

    

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class N level6
class O level6
class P level6
class Q level6
class R level6
class S level6
class T level6
class U level6

  class C highlight

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