Alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; other than ephedrine, pseudoephedrine (INN), norephedrine, cathine (INN), levometamfetamine, metamfetamine (INN), metamefetamine racemate and their salts

HS v2022 Code: 293949

About alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; other than ephedrine, pseudoephedrine (inn), norephedrine, cathine (inn), levometamfetamine, metamfetamine (inn), metamefetamine racemate and their salts

HS code 293949 covers a range of alkaloid compounds derived from ephedrine, a naturally occurring stimulant found in certain plants. These alkaloids and their derivatives have important pharmaceutical and industrial applications, making this code a crucial part of the broader chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The compounds classified under this code are widely used in the production of various medications, as well as in the synthesis of other chemical substances.

Production process

The production of the alkaloids and derivatives covered by HS code 293949 typically involves the extraction and purification of the active compounds from natural sources, such as the ephedra plant. This is often followed by chemical synthesis and modification steps to produce the desired derivatives. The specific techniques used can vary depending on the target compound, but generally involve a combination of extraction, crystallization, and organic synthesis methods.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of the alkaloids and derivatives under HS code 293949 include the raw plant materials (e.g., ephedra plants), various chemical reagents and solvents, specialized equipment for extraction and synthesis, and skilled labor. The availability and quality of these inputs can have a significant impact on the overall production process and the final product characteristics.

Production outputs

The alkaloids and derivatives classified under HS code 293949 are primarily used as active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in the production of various medications, such as decongestants, bronchodilators, and stimulants. These compounds may also be used as intermediates in the synthesis of other chemical substances, including those classified under related HS codes such as 293943 Alkaloids; of caffeine and their salts and 293944 (Alkaloids; of theophylline and aminophylline (theophylline-ethylenediamine) and their derivatives; and salts thereof).

Revisions to 293949

Classification codes are adjusted frequently. The code may have been revised or replaced between system versions. The table below shows the history (newest to oldest) of the code 293949. The most recent 1 version of this code (293949) is in the HS v2022 system (this version):

This page shows the most recent version of code 293949.

Family tree for alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; other than ephedrine, pseudoephedrine (inn), norephedrine, cathine (inn), levometamfetamine, metamfetamine (inn), metamefetamine racemate and their salts

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/29'>29: Organic chemicals</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2939'>2939: Alkaloids; natural or reproduced by synthesis, and their salts, ethers, esters and other derivatives</a>"]
B --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293949'>293949: Alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; other than ephedrine, pseudoephedrine (INN), norephedrine, cathine (INN), levometamfetamine, metamfetamine (INN), metamefetamine racemate and their salts</a>"]

    B --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293911'>293911: Alkaloids; of opium and their derivatives; salts thereof</a>"]
B --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293919'>293919: Alkaloids; of opium and their derivatives; other than in 2939.11, salts thereof</a>"]
B --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293920'>293920: Alkaloids; of cinchona and their derivatives; salts thereof</a>"]
B --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293930'>293930: Alkaloids; caffeine and its salts</a>"]
B --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293941'>293941: Alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; salts thereof</a>"]
B --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293942'>293942: Alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; pseudoephedrine (INN) and its salts</a>"]
B --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293943'>293943: Alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; cathine (INN) and its salts</a>"]
B --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293944'>293944: Alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; norephedrine and its salts</a>"]
B --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293945'>293945: Alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; levometamfetamine, metamfetamine (INN), metamefetamine racemate and their salts</a>"]
B --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293951'>293951: Alkaloids; theophylline and aminophylline (theophylline-ethylenediamine) and their derivatives; salts thereof, fenetylline (INN) and its salts</a>"]
B --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293959'>293959: Alkaloids; theophylline and aminophylline (theophylline-ethylenediamine) and their derivatives; salts thereof, other than fenetylline</a>"]
B --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293961'>293961: Alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, ergometrine (INN) and its salts</a>"]
B --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293962'>293962: Alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, ergotamine (INN) and its salts</a>"]
B --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293963'>293963: Alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, lysergic acid and its salts</a>"]
B --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293969'>293969: Alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, salts thereof, n.e.c. in item no. 2939.6</a>"]
B --> S["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293972'>293972: Alkaloids; of vegetal origin, cocaine, ecgonine; salts, esters and other derivatives thereof</a>"]
B --> T["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293979'>293979: Alkaloids; of vegetal origin, other than cocaine, ecgonine; salts, esters and other derivatives; n.e.c. in heading no. 2939</a>"]
B --> U["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293980'>293980: Alkaloids; natural or reproduced by synthesis, and their salts, esters and other derivatives n.e.c. in heading no. 2939</a>"]

    

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    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level6
class D level6
class E level6
class F level6
class G level6
class H level6
class I level6
class J level6
class K level6
class L level6
class M level6
class N level6
class O level6
class P level6
class Q level6
class R level6
class S level6
class T level6
class U level6

  class C highlight

  %% class A level1
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  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
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