Starches; inulin

HS v2022 Code: 1108

About starches; inulin

HS code 1108 covers a diverse range of starches and inulin, which are essential ingredients in a wide variety of industries. Starches are complex carbohydrates derived from various plant sources, such as corn, wheat, and potatoes, and are widely used as thickeners, binders, and texturizers in food, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications. Inulin, on the other hand, is a type of dietary fiber extracted from plants like chicory and is valued for its health benefits and functional properties. The starch and inulin industry plays a crucial role in the global economy, supporting industries ranging from food and beverage to paper and textiles.

Production process

The production of starches and inulin typically involves a series of extraction, purification, and processing steps. For starches, the raw materials are first cleaned, milled, and then subjected to various separation and washing processes to extract the starch. Depending on the desired properties, the starch may undergo further modifications, such as chemical or enzymatic treatment, to alter its characteristics. Inulin, on the other hand, is commonly extracted from chicory roots through a process of washing, slicing, and hot water extraction, followed by purification and drying.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of starches and inulin include the raw plant materials, such as corn, wheat, potatoes, and chicory roots. Additionally, the industry relies on various processing equipment, such as mills, centrifuges, and drying systems, as well as chemicals and enzymes used for modification and purification. Energy sources, such as electricity and steam, are also essential for the production process.

Production outputs

The primary outputs of the 1108 industry are various types of starches and inulin, which are then used as ingredients in a wide range of products. Starches find applications in the food and beverage industry as thickeners, stabilizers, and texturizers, as well as in the pharmaceutical, paper, and textile industries. Inulin, on the other hand, is primarily used as a dietary fiber and prebiotic in food and supplement products. The outputs of the 1108 industry are often consumed by industries covered under other HS codes, such as 1901 Malt extract; food preparations of flour, groats, meal, starch or malt extract, not containing cocoa or containing less than 40% by weight of cocoa calculated on a totally defatted basis, not elsewhere specified or included; food preparations of goods of headings 0401 to 0404, not containing cocoa or containing less than 5% by weight of cocoa calculated on a totally defatted basis, not elsewhere specified or included, 3505 (Dextrins and other modified starches (for example, pregelatinized or esterified starches); glues based on starches, or on dextrins or other modified starches), and 2106 Food preparations not elsewhere specified or included.

Family tree for starches; inulin

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/11'>11: Products of the milling industry; malt, starches, inulin, wheat gluten</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/1108'>1108: Starches; inulin</a>"]

    A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/1101'>1101: Wheat or meslin flour</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/1102'>1102: Cereal flours; other than of wheat or meslin</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/1103'>1103: Cereal groats; meal and pellets</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/1104'>1104: Cereal grains otherwise worked (e.g. hulled, rolled, flaked, pearled, sliced or kibbled) except rice of heading no. 1006; germ of cereals whole, rolled, flaked or ground</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/1105'>1105: Flour, meal, powder, flakes, granules and pellets of potatoes</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/1106'>1106: Flour, meal and powder; of the dried leguminous vegetables of heading no. 0713, of sago or of roots or tubers of heading no. 0714 or of the products of chapter 8</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/1107'>1107: Malt; whether or not roasted</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/1109'>1109: Wheat gluten; whether or not dried</a>"]

    B --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/110811'>110811: Starch; wheat</a>"]
B --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/110812'>110812: Starch; maize (corn) starch</a>"]
B --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/110813'>110813: Starch; potato</a>"]
B --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/110814'>110814: Starch; manioc (cassava)</a>"]
B --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/110819'>110819: Starch; n.e.c. in item no. 1108.11 to 1108.14</a>"]
B --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/110820'>110820: Inulin</a>"]


    %% Color coordination by level

    classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level4
class D level4
class E level4
class F level4
class G level4
class H level4
class I level4
class J level4
class K level6
class L level6
class M level6
class N level6
class O level6
class P level6

  class B highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class B highlight