Cobalt; waste and scrap

HS v2017 Code: 810530

About cobalt; waste and scrap

hs code 810530 covers cobalt and cobalt waste and scrap. Cobalt is a vital strategic metal with a wide range of industrial applications, including the production of superalloys, catalysts, and rechargeable batteries. As a key component in many high-tech industries, the global cobalt market is closely watched and its trade flows are an important indicator of economic activity.

Production process

Cobalt is primarily extracted from cobalt-bearing ores through a multi-stage process. The ore is first crushed and concentrated, then smelted to produce a cobalt-containing matte or slag. This intermediate product is further refined, often using hydrometallurgical techniques, to extract pure cobalt metal. Cobalt waste and scrap is collected, sorted, and reprocessed to recover the valuable cobalt content.

Production inputs

The main inputs for the cobalt industry include cobalt-bearing ores and concentrates, as well as various chemical reagents and energy sources required for the smelting and refining processes. Specialized equipment such as crushers, furnaces, and hydrometallurgical plants are also essential for cobalt production.

Production outputs

The primary outputs of hs code 810530 are refined cobalt metal and cobalt-containing alloys and compounds. These outputs are then consumed by a wide range of downstream industries, including 851770 Lithium-ion batteries, 840110 Nuclear reactors, and 902780 Other instruments and appliances for medical, surgical or veterinary sciences.

Revisions to 810530

Classification codes are adjusted frequently. The code may have been revised or replaced between system versions. The table below shows the history (newest to oldest) of the code 810530. The most recent 1 version of this code (810530) is in the HS v2022 system:

This page shows a legacy version of code 810530 ( HS v2017).

Newer versions
Older versions

Family tree for cobalt; waste and scrap

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/81'>81: Metals; n.e.c., cermets and articles thereof</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/8105'>8105: Cobalt; mattes and other intermediate products of cobalt metallurgy, cobalt and articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"]
B --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/810530'>810530: Cobalt; waste and scrap</a>"]

    B --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/810520'>810520: Cobalt; mattes and other intermediate products of cobalt metallurgy, unwrought cobalt, powders</a>"]
B --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/810590'>810590: Cobalt; articles n.e.c. in heading no. 8105</a>"]

    

    %% Color coordination by level

    classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level6
class D level6
class E level6

  class C highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class C highlight