Lead; sheets, strip and foil, of a thickness (excluding any backing) not exceeding 0.2mm

HS code 780411 covers the trade and production of lead sheets, strips, and foils with a thickness of 0.2mm or less, excluding any backing. This industry plays a crucial role in the global metal manufacturing sector, providing essential raw materials for a wide range of applications, from construction and automotive to electronics and energy storage. As a highly versatile and durable metal, lead is in high demand across various industries, making this HS code a significant contributor to the broader economy.

The production of lead sheets, strips, and foils under HS code 780411 typically involves a multi-step process. First, lead is extracted from its ore and refined to achieve the desired purity. The refined lead is then cast into ingots or billets, which are subsequently rolled or extruded to the desired thickness and shape. Advanced techniques, such as continuous casting and rolling, may be employed to improve efficiency and product quality.

The main inputs required for the production of lead sheets, strips, and foils under HS code 780411 include lead ore, energy sources (such as electricity or natural gas), and specialized machinery for casting, rolling, and finishing the products. Additionally, the industry may rely on various chemicals and additives to enhance the properties of the lead, as well as tools and equipment for quality control and packaging.

The primary outputs of the industry covered by HS code 780411 are lead sheets, strips, and foils, which are then consumed by a wide range of downstream industries. These products may be used in the manufacture of 780600 Lead articles, 851230 Electrical lighting or signalling equipment, 852352 Semiconductor media, and 854420 Insulated electric conductors, among others. The versatility of lead-based materials makes this HS code an essential component of the global supply chain.