Lead; plates, sheets, strip and foil, of a thickness (excluding any backing) exceeding 0.2mm

HS code 780419 covers the trade and production of lead plates, sheets, strips, and foils with a thickness exceeding 0.2mm. This industry is a crucial component of the broader metal manufacturing sector, providing essential materials for a wide range of applications across various industries. Lead's unique properties, such as its high density, corrosion resistance, and ability to shield against radiation, make it a valuable resource in fields like construction, electronics, and automotive manufacturing.

The production of lead plates, sheets, strips, and foils typically involves a multi-step process. First, lead ore is extracted and refined to produce pure lead. The refined lead is then cast into ingots or billets, which are subsequently rolled or extruded to the desired thickness and shape. Specialized rolling mills and extrusion equipment are used to achieve the precise dimensions required for each application. Quality control measures, such as thickness and surface finish inspections, are implemented throughout the production process to ensure the final products meet industry standards.

The primary input for this industry is lead, which is typically sourced from lead mines or recycled from secondary sources. Other key inputs include energy sources, such as electricity or natural gas, to power the production equipment. Specialized machinery, including rolling mills, extruders, and cutting tools, are also essential for the manufacturing process. Additionally, the industry may rely on various chemicals and lubricants to facilitate the production and finishing of the lead products.

The main outputs of this industry are lead plates, sheets, strips, and foils, which are then consumed by a variety of downstream industries. These lead products find applications in 780411 Lead, unwrought for battery manufacturing, 780420 Lead; bars, rods, profiles and wire for construction and electrical uses, and 780429 Lead; tubes, pipes and tube or pipe fittings for plumbing and chemical processing equipment. The versatility of lead-based materials ensures a steady demand from diverse sectors, contributing to the overall importance of this industry within the global economy.