Lead; sheets, strip and foil, of a thickness (excluding any backing) not exceeding 0.2mm

HS code 780411 covers the import and export of lead sheets, strips, and foils with a thickness of 0.2mm or less, excluding any backing. This industry is a critical component of the broader metal manufacturing and processing sector, providing essential raw materials for a wide range of applications across various industries. Lead's unique properties, such as its high density, malleability, and resistance to corrosion, make it a valuable material in applications ranging from construction and automotive to electronics and radiation shielding.

The production of lead sheets, strips, and foils under HS code 780411 typically involves a multi-step process. First, lead ore is extracted and refined to produce pure lead ingots. These ingots are then heated and rolled or extruded into the desired thickness and shape, often using specialized machinery. The resulting sheets, strips, or foils may undergo further processing, such as cutting, stamping, or surface treatment, to meet specific customer requirements.

The main inputs required for the production of lead sheets, strips, and foils under HS code 780411 include lead ore, as well as various types of machinery and equipment for the melting, rolling, and finishing processes. Additionally, energy sources, such as electricity or natural gas, are needed to power the production facilities. Other inputs may include lubricants, coolants, and protective equipment for workers.

The primary outputs of the industry covered by HS code 780411 are lead sheets, strips, and foils, which are then consumed by a variety of downstream industries. These outputs may be used in the production of 780600 Lead articles, 854400 Insulated wire, cable and other insulated electric conductors, 854410 Winding wire, and 854420 Coaxial cable and other coaxial electric conductors, among other applications.