Ferro-alloys

HS v2017 Code: 7202

Chapter	Heading	Sub-heading
72	02	n/a

Code	7202
Version	HS v2017
Hierarchy Level	4
Datasource	WCO
Chapter	72

Ancestor Codes: Iron and steel

This Code: Ferro-alloys

Child Codes: Ferro-alloys; ferro-tungsten and ferro-silico-tungsten; Ferro-alloys; ferro-silico-manganese; Ferro-alloys; ferro-manganese, containing by weight 2% or less of carbon; Ferro-alloys; ferro-molybdenum; Ferro-alloys; ferro-vanadium; Ferro-alloys; ferro-chromium, containing by weight more than 4% of carbon; Ferro-alloys; ferro-niobium; Ferro-alloys; ferro-silicon, containing by weight 55% or less of silicon; Ferro-alloys; ferro-silicon, containing by weight more than 55% of silicon; Ferro-alloys; n.e.c. in heading no. 7202; Ferro-alloys; ferro-nickel; Ferro-alloys; ferro-titanium and ferro-silico-titanium; Ferro-alloys; ferro-silico-chromium; Ferro-alloys; ferro-chromium, containing by weight 4% or less of carbon; Ferro-alloys; ferro-manganese, containing by weight more than 2% of carbon

Sibling Codes (Nearest 5): Pig iron and spiegeleisen in pigs, blocks or other primary forms; Ferrous products obtained by direct reduction of iron ore and other spongy ferrous products, in lumps, pellets or the like; iron having a minimum purity of 99.94%, in lumps, pellets or similar forms; Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel; Granules and powders, of pig iron, spiegeleisen, iron or steel; Iron and non-alloy steel in ingots or other primary forms (excluding iron of heading no. 7203)

About ferro-alloys

HS code 7202 covers a diverse range of ferro-alloys, which are essential materials in the production of various steel and iron products. Ferro-alloys are iron-based alloys containing one or more other elements, such as manganese, chromium, silicon, or tunganese. These alloys play a crucial role in enhancing the properties of steel, making it stronger, more durable, and better suited for a wide range of applications across industries, including construction, automotive, and machinery manufacturing.

Production process

Ferro-alloys are typically produced through the smelting of iron ore, coal, and other raw materials in electric arc furnaces or blast furnaces. The specific production techniques vary depending on the type of ferro-alloy being manufactured, but the general process involves the careful control of temperature, pressure, and the addition of specific elements to achieve the desired alloy composition and properties.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of ferro-alloys include iron ore, coal, coke, and various other metallic and non-metallic elements, such as manganese, chromium, silicon, and tungsten. Specialized equipment, such as electric arc furnaces, blast furnaces, and refining vessels, are also essential for the production of these alloys. Additionally, the industry relies on a skilled workforce with expertise in metallurgy and process control.

Production outputs

Ferro-alloys produced under HS code 7202 are widely used as additives in the production of 7201 Pig iron and spiegeleisen in pigs, blocks or other primary forms, 7206 Iron and non-alloy steel in ingots or other primary forms, and 7207 Semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel. These ferro-alloys help to improve the physical and chemical properties of the final steel products, making them more suitable for a variety of applications in industries such as construction, automotive, and machinery manufacturing.

Family tree for ferro-alloys

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/72'>72: Iron and steel</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7202'>7202: Ferro-alloys</a>"]

    A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7201'>7201: Pig iron and spiegeleisen in pigs, blocks or other primary forms</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7203'>7203: Ferrous products obtained by direct reduction of iron ore and other spongy ferrous products, in lumps, pellets or the like; iron having a minimum purity of 99.94%, in lumps, pellets or similar forms</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7204'>7204: Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7205'>7205: Granules and powders, of pig iron, spiegeleisen, iron or steel</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7206'>7206: Iron and non-alloy steel in ingots or other primary forms (excluding iron of heading no. 7203)</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7207'>7207: Iron or non-alloy steel; semi-finished products thereof</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7208'>7208: Iron or non-alloy steel; flat-rolled products of a width of 600mm or more, hot-rolled, not clad, plated or coated</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7209'>7209: Iron or non-alloy steel; flat-rolled products, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled (cold-reduced), not clad, plated or coated</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7210'>7210: Iron or non-alloy steel; flat-rolled products, width 600mm or more, clad, plated or coated</a>"]
A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7211'>7211: Iron or non-alloy steel; flat-rolled products, width less than 600mm, not clad, plated or coated</a>"]
A --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7212'>7212: Iron or non-alloy steel; flat-rolled products, width less than 600mm, clad, plated or coated</a>"]
A --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7213'>7213: Iron or non-alloy steel; bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils</a>"]
A --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7214'>7214: Iron or non-alloy steel; bars and rods, not further worked than forged, hot-rolled, hot drawn or hot-extruded, but including those twisted after rolling</a>"]
A --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7215'>7215: Iron or non-alloy steel; bars and rods, n.e.c. in chapter 72</a>"]
A --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7216'>7216: Iron or non-alloy steel, angles, shapes and sections</a>"]
A --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7217'>7217: Wire of iron or non-alloy steel</a>"]
A --> S["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7218'>7218: Stainless steel in ingots or other primary forms; semi-finished products of stainless steel</a>"]
A --> T["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7219'>7219: Stainless steel; flat-rolled products of width of 600mm or more</a>"]
A --> U["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7220'>7220: Stainless steel; flat-rolled products of width less than 600mm</a>"]
A --> V["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7221'>7221: Stainless steel bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils</a>"]
A --> W["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7222'>7222: Stainless steel bars and rods, angles, shapes and sections</a>"]
A --> X["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7223'>7223: Stainless steel wire</a>"]
A --> Y["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7224'>7224: Alloy steel in ingots or other primary forms, semi-finished products of other alloy steel</a>"]
A --> Z["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7225'>7225: Alloy steel flat-rolled products, of a width 600mm or more</a>"]
A --> BA["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7226'>7226: Alloy steel flat-rolled products, of a width of less than 600mm</a>"]
A --> BB["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7227'>7227: Steel, alloy; bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils</a>"]
A --> BC["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7228'>7228: Alloy steel bars, rods, shapes and sections; hollow drill bars and rods, of alloy or non-alloy steel</a>"]
A --> BD["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7229'>7229: Wire of other alloy steel</a>"]

    B --> BE["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/720211'>720211: Ferro-alloys; ferro-manganese, containing by weight more than 2% of carbon</a>"]
B --> BF["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/720219'>720219: Ferro-alloys; ferro-manganese, containing by weight 2% or less of carbon</a>"]
B --> BG["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/720221'>720221: Ferro-alloys; ferro-silicon, containing by weight more than 55% of silicon</a>"]
B --> BH["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/720229'>720229: Ferro-alloys; ferro-silicon, containing by weight 55% or less of silicon</a>"]
B --> BI["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/720230'>720230: Ferro-alloys; ferro-silico-manganese</a>"]
B --> BJ["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/720241'>720241: Ferro-alloys; ferro-chromium, containing by weight more than 4% of carbon</a>"]
B --> BK["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/720249'>720249: Ferro-alloys; ferro-chromium, containing by weight 4% or less of carbon</a>"]
B --> BL["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/720250'>720250: Ferro-alloys; ferro-silico-chromium</a>"]
B --> BM["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/720260'>720260: Ferro-alloys; ferro-nickel</a>"]
B --> BN["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/720270'>720270: Ferro-alloys; ferro-molybdenum</a>"]
B --> BO["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/720280'>720280: Ferro-alloys; ferro-tungsten and ferro-silico-tungsten</a>"]
B --> BP["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/720291'>720291: Ferro-alloys; ferro-titanium and ferro-silico-titanium</a>"]
B --> BQ["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/720292'>720292: Ferro-alloys; ferro-vanadium</a>"]
B --> BR["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/720293'>720293: Ferro-alloys; ferro-niobium</a>"]
B --> BS["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/720299'>720299: Ferro-alloys; n.e.c. in heading no. 7202</a>"]


    %% Color coordination by level

    classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level4
class D level4
class E level4
class F level4
class G level4
class H level4
class I level4
class J level4
class K level4
class L level4
class M level4
class N level4
class O level4
class P level4
class Q level4
class R level4
class S level4
class T level4
class U level4
class V level4
class W level4
class X level4
class Y level4
class Z level4
class BA level4
class BB level4
class BC level4
class BD level4
class BE level6
class BF level6
class BG level6
class BH level6
class BI level6
class BJ level6
class BK level6
class BL level6
class BM level6
class BN level6
class BO level6
class BP level6
class BQ level6
class BR level6
class BS level6

  class B highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class B highlight