Tanned or crust hides and skins; of animals other than equine, ovine, bovine, goats or kids, swine and reptiles, without wool or hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the wet state (including wet blue)

HS v2017 Code: 410691

About tanned or crust hides and skins; of animals other than equine, ovine, bovine, goats or kids, swine and reptiles, without wool or hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the wet state (including wet blue)

HS code 410691 covers the tanned or crust hides and skins of animals other than equine, ovine, bovine, goats or kids, swine, and reptiles. These hides and skins are processed in the wet state, including the 'wet blue' stage, but are not further prepared. This industry plays a crucial role in the broader leather and textile supply chain, providing essential raw materials for the manufacture of a wide range of leather goods, apparel, and other products.

Production process

The production of tanned or crust hides and skins under HS code 410691 typically involves a series of processing steps. The raw hides and skins are first subjected to a tanning process, which uses chemicals such as chromium salts or vegetable tanning agents to stabilize the collagen fibers and prevent decomposition. This is followed by the 'crusting' stage, where the tanned hides are further processed to remove excess moisture, adjust the pH, and prepare the material for subsequent finishing or dyeing operations.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of goods under HS code 410691 include the raw hides and skins of animals other than equine, ovine, bovine, goats or kids, swine, and reptiles. Additionally, the industry relies on various chemicals, such as tanning agents, dyes, and finishing agents, as well as specialized machinery and equipment for the tanning, crusting, and other processing steps.

Production outputs

The tanned or crust hides and skins produced under HS code 410691 are primarily used as inputs for the manufacture of a wide range of leather products, including 420100 (Saddlery and harness for any animal (including traces, leads, knee pads, muzzles, saddle cloths, saddlebags, dog coats and the like)) and 420211 Trunks, suit-cases, vanity-cases, executive-cases, brief-cases, school satchels, spectacle cases, binocular cases, camera cases, musical instrument cases, gun cases, holsters and similar containers; of leather or of composition leather. They may also be used in the production of 420310 Articles of apparel of leather or of composition leather, 420500 Other articles of leather or of composition leather, and other leather-based products.

Revisions to 410691

Classification codes are adjusted frequently. The code may have been revised or replaced between system versions. The table below shows the history (newest to oldest) of the code 410691. The most recent 1 version of this code (410691) is in the HS v2022 system:

This page shows a legacy version of code 410691 ( HS v2017).

Family tree for tanned or crust hides and skins; of animals other than equine, ovine, bovine, goats or kids, swine and reptiles, without wool or hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the wet state (including wet blue)

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/41'>41: Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/4106'>4106: Tanned or crust hides and skins of other animals, without wool or hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared</a>"]
B --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/410691'>410691: Tanned or crust hides and skins; of animals other than equine, ovine, bovine, goats or kids, swine and reptiles, without wool or hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the wet state (including wet blue)</a>"]

    B --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/410621'>410621: Tanned or crust hides and skins; of goats or kids, without wool or hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the wet state (including wet blue)</a>"]
B --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/410622'>410622: Tanned or crust hides and skins; of goats or kids, without hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the dry state (crust)</a>"]
B --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/410631'>410631: Tanned or crust hides and skins; of swine, without hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the wet state (including wet blue)</a>"]
B --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/410632'>410632: Tanned or crust hides and skins; of swine, without hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the dry state (crust)</a>"]
B --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/410640'>410640: Tanned or crust hides and skins; of reptiles, whether or not split, but not further prepared</a>"]
B --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/410692'>410692: Tanned or crust hides and skins; of animals other than equine, ovine, bovine, goats or kids, swine and reptiles, without wool or hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the dry state (crust)</a>"]

    

    %% Color coordination by level

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    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level6
class D level6
class E level6
class F level6
class G level6
class H level6
class I level6

  class C highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class C highlight