Production of abrasive products

NACE v2.0 Code: C23.91

About production of abrasive products

NACE code 23.91 covers the production of abrasive products, which are essential components in a wide range of manufacturing and construction industries. These products, such as sandpaper, grinding wheels, and polishing stones, play a crucial role in shaping, finishing, and maintaining various materials and surfaces. The abrasive products industry is a vital part of the broader manufacturing sector, contributing to the efficiency and quality of numerous industrial processes.

Production process

The production of abrasive products typically involves a combination of mechanical and chemical processes. Manufacturers start by selecting and preparing the raw materials, which may include minerals, ceramics, or synthetic compounds. These materials are then shaped, bonded, and heat-treated to create the desired abrasive properties. The final products are often coated or finished to enhance their performance and durability.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of abrasive products include various minerals (such as 08.11 Quarrying of ornamental and building stone, limestone, gypsum, chalk and slate, 08.12 Operation of gravel and sand pits; mining of clays and kaolin, and 08.91 Mining of chemical and fertilizer minerals), as well as specialized machinery and equipment for the manufacturing process. Additionally, the industry relies on energy sources, such as electricity and natural gas, to power the production facilities.

Production outputs

The primary outputs of the abrasive products industry are a diverse range of abrasive materials, including sandpaper, grinding wheels, polishing stones, and other specialized products. These outputs are then consumed by a variety of other industries, such as 25.73 Manufacture of tools, 33.12 Repair of machinery, 23.31 Manufacture of ceramic tiles and flags, and 16.23 Manufacture of other builders' carpentry and joinery.

Revisions to 23.91

Classification codes are adjusted frequently. The code may have been revised or replaced between system versions. The table below shows the history (newest to oldest) of the code 23.91. The most recent 1 version of this code (23.91) is in the NACE v2.1 system:

This page shows a legacy version of code 23.91 ( NACE v2.0).

Newer versions

Related Tariff Codes (HS / Harmonized System)

These HS codes are related to this econ code: (23.91).

HS code HS year HS title
710410HS v2017Stones; precious or semi-precious, synthetic or reconstructed, piezo-electric quartz, whether or not worked or graded (but not strung, mounted or set), temporarily strung for transport convenience
710420HS v2017Stones; precious or semi-precious, synthetic or reconstructed, (not piezo-electric quartz), unworked or simply sawn, roughly shaped, (not strung, mounted or set), temporarily strung for transport convenience
680410HS v2017Millstones and grindstones; for milling, grinding or pulping
680421HS v2017Millstones, grindstones, grinding wheels and the like; of agglomerated synthetic or natural diamond
680422HS v2017Millstones, grindstones, grinding wheels and the like; of other agglomerated abrasives or of ceramics
680423HS v2017Millstones, grindstones, grinding wheels and the like; of natural stone
680430HS v2017Stones; hand sharpening or polishing stones, of natural stone, agglomerated natural or artificial abrasives or ceramics, with or without parts of other materials
680510HS v2017Abrasive powder or grain; natural or artificial, on a base of woven textile fabric only, whether or not cut to shape or sewn or otherwise made up
680520HS v2017Abrasive powder or grain; natural or artificial, on a base of paper or paperboard only, whether or not cut to shape or sewn or otherwise made up
680530HS v2017Abrasive powder or grain; natural or artificial, on a base of materials n.e.c. in heading no. 6805, whether or not cut to shape or sewn or otherwise made up
681280HS v2017Fabricated crocidolite (blue asbestos) fibres, mixtures with a basis of crocidolite (blue asbestos), articles of crocidolite (blue asbestos), whether or not reinforced, not goods of heading 6811 or 6813
681291HS v2017Asbestos or mixtures with a basis of asbestos (other than crocidolite); clothing, clothing accessories, footwear and headgear, whether or not reinforced, not goods of heading 6811 or 6813
681292HS v2017Asbestos or mixtures with a basis of asbestos (other than crocidolite); paper, millboard and felt, whether or not reinforced, not goods of heading 6811 or 6813
681293HS v2017Asbestos or mixtures with a basis of asbestos (other than crocidolite); compressed asbestos fibre jointing, in sheets or rolls, whether or not reinforced, not goods of heading 6811 or 6813
681299HS v2017Asbestos or mixtures with a basis of asbestos (other than crocidolite); fibres, mixtures or articles n.e.c. in heading no. 6812, whether or not reinforced, not goods of heading 6811 or 6813
681320HS v2017Friction material and articles thereof (e.g. sheets, rolls, strips, segments, discs, washers, pads) not mounted; for brakes, clutches or the like, with a basis of asbestos
681381HS v2017Brake linings and pads; with a basis of mineral substances or cellulose (other than asbestos)
681389HS v2017Friction material and articles thereof (e.g. sheets, rolls, strips, segments, discs, washers, pads) not mounted; for clutches or the like (not brake linings and pads), with a basis of mineral substances or cellulose (other than asbestos)
680710HS v2017Asphalt or similar material; articles (e.g. petroleum bitumen or coal tar pitch) in rolls
680790HS v2017Asphalt or similar material; articles (e.g. petroleum bitumen or coal tar pitch) other than in rolls
251730HS v2017Tarred macadam
271500HS v2017Bituminous mixtures based on natural asphalt, on natural bitumen, on petroleum bitumen, on mineral tar or on mineral tar pitch (e.g. bituminous mastics, cut-backs)
380110HS v2017Graphite; artificial
380120HS v2017Graphite; colloidal or semi-colloidal
380130HS v2017Carbonaceous pastes; for electrodes and similar pastes for furnace linings
380190HS v2017Graphite or other carbon based preparations; in the form of pastes, blocks, plates or other semi-manufactures
281810HS v2017Aluminium oxide; artificial corundum
680610HS v2017Slag wool, rock wool and similar mineral wools (including intermixtures thereof), in bulk, sheets or rolls
680620HS v2017Exfoliated vermiculite, expanded clays, foamed slag and similar expanded mineral materials (including intermixtures thereof)
680690HS v2017Minerals; mixtures and articles of heat-insulating, sound-insulating or sound-absorbing mineral materials, other than those of heading no. 6811 or 6812 or of chapter 69
681410HS v2017Mica; plates, sheets and strips of agglomerated or reconstituted mica, whether or not on a support of paper, paperboard or other materials
681490HS v2017Mica; worked mica and articles of mica (excluding plates, sheets and strips) whether or not on a support of paper, paperboard or other materials
681510HS v2017Stone articles and articles of other mineral substances; non-electrical articles of graphite or other carbon
681520HS v2017Peat; articles of peat n.e.c. or included
681599HS v2017Stone articles and articles of other mineral substances; n.e.c. or included in heading no. 6815
962000HS v2017Monopods, bipods, tripods and similar articles

Related ISIC Codes

These isic codes are related to this econ code: (23.91).

ISIC code ISIC Version ISIC title
2399ISIC v4.0Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products n.e.c.

Related CPC Codes

These CPC codes are related to this econ code: (23.91).

CPC code CPC Version CPC title
34560CPC v2.1Synthetic or reconstructed precious or semi-precious stones, unworked
37910CPC v2.1Millstones, grindstones, grinding wheels and the like, without frameworks, for working stones, and parts thereof, of natural stone, of agglomerated natural or artificial abrasives, or of ceramics; natural or artificial abrasive powder or grain, on a base of textile, paper or other material
37920CPC v2.1Fabricated asbestos fibres; mixtures with a basis of asbestos or with a basis of asbestos and magnesium carbonate; articles of such mixtures, or of asbestos
37930CPC v2.1Articles of asphalt or of similar material
37940CPC v2.1Bituminous mixtures based on natural and artificial stone materials and bitumen, natural asphalt or related substances as a binder
37950CPC v2.1Artificial graphite; colloidal or semi-colloidal graphite; preparations based on graphite or other carbon in the form of semi-manufactures
37960CPC v2.1Artificial corundum
37990CPC v2.1Non-metallic mineral products n.e.c. (including mineral wool, expanded mineral materials, worked mica, articles of mica, non-electrical articles of graphite or other carbon and articles of peat)
88539CPC v2.1Other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing services n.e.c.

Family tree for production of abrasive products

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/nace/v2/C'>C: MANUFACTURING</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/nace/v2/C/23'>23: Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products</a>"]
B --> C["<a href='/classifications/nace/v2/C/23/9'>23.9: Manufacture of abrasive products and non-metallic mineral products n.e.c.</a>"]
C --> D["<a href='/classifications/nace/v2/C/23/91'>23.91: Production of abrasive products</a>"]

    C --> E["<a href='/classifications/nace/v2/C/23/99'>23.99: Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products n.e.c.</a>"]

    

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