Mining of hard coal

NACE code 05.10 covers the mining and extraction of hard coal, a vital energy resource that plays a crucial role in the global economy. As a major source of electricity generation and industrial heat, the hard coal mining industry is a cornerstone of many countries' energy infrastructure. This industry's activities range from the exploration and extraction of coal deposits to the initial processing and preparation of the raw material for further use.

The mining of hard coal typically involves a combination of surface mining and underground mining techniques. Surface mining, also known as open-pit mining, is employed where coal deposits are located close to the earth's surface. This method involves the removal of overlying soil and rock to expose the coal seams, which are then extracted using heavy machinery. Underground mining, on the other hand, is used for deeper coal deposits. This method involves the construction of shafts and tunnels to access the coal seams, with the coal being extracted using specialized mining equipment.

The hard coal mining industry requires a range of inputs to support its operations. Key inputs include the geological resources, such as the coal deposits themselves, as well as the necessary mining equipment, including excavators, conveyor belts, and ventilation systems. Additionally, the industry relies on a skilled workforce, including miners, geologists, and engineers, to carry out the extraction and processing activities. Energy sources, such as electricity and fuel, are also essential inputs for the industry's operations.

The primary output of the hard coal mining industry is the extraction of raw hard coal, which is then used as a fuel source for electricity generation, industrial processes, and other applications. The extracted coal may undergo further processing, such as washing and sorting, to meet the specific requirements of its end-users. The hard coal produced by this industry is often consumed by other NACE codes, such as 35.11 Electric power generation, 23.10 Manufacture of basic iron and steel, and 20.14 Manufacture of other organic basic chemicals.