Mining of coal and lignite

NACE code 05 covers the mining and extraction of coal and lignite, two of the most important fossil fuels. This industry plays a crucial role in the global energy supply, providing a significant portion of the world's electricity and heat generation. Coal and lignite mining is a capital-intensive industry that requires substantial investment in specialized equipment and infrastructure. The industry's outputs are essential inputs for a wide range of other economic activities, making it a vital component of the broader economy.

The mining of coal and lignite typically involves a combination of surface mining and underground mining techniques. Surface mining, also known as open-pit mining, is used when the coal or lignite deposits are located close to the surface. This method involves the removal of the overlying soil and rock layers to expose the mineral deposits, which are then extracted using heavy machinery such as draglines and excavators. Underground mining, on the other hand, is used when the deposits are located deeper within the earth's crust. This method involves the construction of shafts and tunnels to access the mineral deposits, which are then extracted using specialized mining equipment such as continuous miners and longwall shearers.

The mining of coal and lignite requires a range of inputs, including heavy machinery, such as excavators, draglines, and continuous miners, as well as supporting equipment like conveyor belts and transportation vehicles. Additionally, the industry relies on a skilled workforce, including miners, engineers, and technicians, to operate the equipment and manage the mining operations. Energy, in the form of electricity and fuel, is another critical input, as the mining process requires significant power to extract and process the mineral resources.

The primary outputs of the coal and lignite mining industry are the raw mineral resources themselves, which are then used as inputs for a variety of other economic activities. Coal and lignite are primarily used for electricity and heat generation, with power plants 35 Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply being the largest consumers of these resources. Additionally, the coal and lignite mining industry also supplies inputs for the 19 Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products and 23 Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products industries.