Silviculture and other forestry activities

isic code 021, 'Silviculture and other forestry activities', encompasses the cultivation and management of forests and woodlands for the production of timber, as well as the harvesting of non-wood forest products. This industry plays a vital role in the global economy, providing essential raw materials for a wide range of industries, from construction and furniture manufacturing to the production of paper and biofuels. As concerns over environmental sustainability and climate change continue to grow, the importance of sustainable forestry practices has become increasingly recognized, making this industry a key component of the transition towards a more eco-friendly economy.

The main production techniques used in the silviculture and forestry industry involve the planting, tending, and harvesting of trees. This includes activities such as site preparation, seedling production, tree planting, thinning, pruning, and final harvesting. Depending on the specific forest type and management objectives, various silvicultural systems may be employed, such as clear-cutting, selective logging, or continuous cover forestry. Advanced technologies, such as remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS), are also increasingly being used to optimize forest management and monitoring.

The key inputs required for the silviculture and forestry industry include land, seedlings or saplings, machinery and equipment (e.g., harvesters, skidders, and transportation vehicles), and labor. Depending on the specific forestry operations, additional inputs such as fertilizers, pesticides, and fuel may also be necessary. The availability and quality of these inputs can significantly impact the productivity and sustainability of the industry.

The primary outputs of the silviculture and forestry industry are various types of wood products, including 161 Sawmilling and planing of wood, 162 Manufacture of products of wood, cork, straw and plaiting materials, and 171 Manufacture of pulp, paper and paperboard. Additionally, the industry produces non-wood forest products, such as mushrooms, berries, and medicinal plants, which may be consumed by 102 Manufacture of other food products or 104 Manufacture of beverages. The industry also plays a crucial role in providing ecosystem services, such as carbon sequestration, biodiversity conservation, and recreational opportunities.