Cermets; articles thereof, including waste and scrap
HS v2022 Code: 8113
About cermets; articles thereof, including waste and scrap
HS code 8113 covers a specialized class of materials known as cermets, which are composite materials composed of ceramic and metallic components. Cermets are valued for their unique properties, including high hardness, wear resistance, and thermal stability, making them essential in a range of industrial applications. This industry plays a crucial role in the broader manufacturing and engineering sectors, contributing to the production of advanced components and tools used across various industries.
Production process
The production of cermets typically involves a powder metallurgy process. This process begins with the blending of ceramic and metallic powders, which are then compacted and sintered at high temperatures to form the desired cermet composition. The specific techniques used can vary depending on the target application, but often include methods such as hot isostatic pressing, spark plasma sintering, or microwave sintering to achieve the desired microstructure and properties.
Production inputs
The main inputs required for the cermet industry include high-purity ceramic powders, such as carbides, nitrides, or oxides, as well as metallic powders, often consisting of refractory metals like tungsten, molybdenum, or titanium. Additionally, specialized equipment for powder processing, compaction, and sintering is essential for the production of cermets. The industry also relies on advanced analytical and testing capabilities to ensure the quality and performance of the final cermet products.
Production outputs
Cermets produced under HS code 8113 find applications in a wide range of industries, including 8208 Cutting blades and cutting plates, for machines or for mechanical appliances, 8209 Plates, sticks, tips and the like for tools, unmounted, of cermets, and 8466 Parts and accessories suitable for use solely or principally with the machines of headings 8456 to 8465, including work or tool holders, self-opening dieheads, dividing heads and other special attachments for machine-tools; tool holders for any type of tool for working in the hand. These materials are often used in the production of cutting tools, wear-resistant components, and other specialized industrial applications.
Family tree for cermets; articles thereof, including waste and scrap
graph LR A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/81'>81: Metals; n.e.c., cermets and articles thereof</a>"] A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8113'>8113: Cermets; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8101'>8101: Tungsten (wolfram); articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8102'>8102: Molybdenum; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8103'>8103: Tantalum; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8104'>8104: Magnesium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8105'>8105: Cobalt; mattes and other intermediate products of cobalt metallurgy, cobalt and articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8106'>8106: Bismuth; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8108'>8108: Titanium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8109'>8109: Zirconium; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8110'>8110: Antimony; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8111'>8111: Manganese; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] A --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/8112'>8112: Beryllium, chromium, hafnium, rhenium, thallium, cadmium, germanium, vanadium, gallium, indium and niobium (columbium), articles of these metals, including waste and scrap</a>"] B --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/811300'>811300: Cermets; articles thereof, including waste and scrap</a>"] %% Color coordination by level classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px %% Apply classes class A level2 class B level4 class C level4 class D level4 class E level4 class F level4 class G level4 class H level4 class I level4 class J level4 class K level4 class L level4 class M level4 class N level6 class B highlight %% class A level1 %% class B,C level2 %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2 %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3 %% class B highlight