Ferrous products obtained by direct reduction of iron ore and other spongy ferrous products, in lumps, pellets or the like; iron having a minimum purity of 99.94%, in lumps, pellets or similar forms

HS v2022 Code: 7203

About ferrous products obtained by direct reduction of iron ore and other spongy ferrous products, in lumps, pellets or the like; iron having a minimum purity of 99.94%, in lumps, pellets or similar forms

HS code 7203 covers a range of ferrous products obtained through the direct reduction of iron ore, a process that produces highly pure iron with a minimum purity of 99.94%. These spongy ferrous products are typically in the form of lumps, pellets, or similar shapes, and are an important intermediate material in the steel and metalworking industries. The products under this code play a crucial role in the broader economy, serving as essential inputs for the manufacture of a wide variety of steel-based goods and infrastructure.

Production process

The production of the ferrous products covered by HS code 7203 involves the direct reduction of iron ore, a process that uses reducing gases, such as carbon monoxide or hydrogen, to extract the iron from the ore. This process, known as direct reduced iron (DRI) or sponge iron production, results in a highly pure, spongy iron material that can be further processed into various forms, including lumps, pellets, and briquettes.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of the ferrous products under HS code 7203 include iron ore, reducing gases (such as natural gas or coal-derived syngas), and specialized equipment for the direct reduction process. Additionally, the industry may rely on various energy sources, such as electricity or fossil fuels, to power the production facilities and support the manufacturing operations.

Production outputs

The ferrous products obtained under HS code 7203 are primarily used as inputs for the 7207 Steel in ingots or other primary forms; semi-finished products of steel and 7208 Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel, of a width of 600 mm or more, hot-rolled, not clad, plated or coated industries, where they are further processed into a wide range of steel-based products and components. These spongy ferrous materials can also be used in the production of 7201 Pig iron and spiegeleisen in pigs, blocks or other primary forms and 7202 Ferro-alloys.

Family tree for ferrous products obtained by direct reduction of iron ore and other spongy ferrous products, in lumps, pellets or the like; iron having a minimum purity of 99.94%, in lumps, pellets or similar forms

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/72'>72: Iron and steel</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7203'>7203: Ferrous products obtained by direct reduction of iron ore and other spongy ferrous products, in lumps, pellets or the like; iron having a minimum purity of 99.94%, in lumps, pellets or similar forms</a>"]

    A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7201'>7201: Pig iron and spiegeleisen in pigs, blocks or other primary forms</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7202'>7202: Ferro-alloys</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7204'>7204: Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7205'>7205: Granules and powders, of pig iron, spiegeleisen, iron or steel</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7206'>7206: Iron and non-alloy steel in ingots or other primary forms (excluding iron of heading no. 7203)</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7207'>7207: Iron or non-alloy steel; semi-finished products thereof</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7208'>7208: Iron or non-alloy steel; flat-rolled products of a width of 600mm or more, hot-rolled, not clad, plated or coated</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7209'>7209: Iron or non-alloy steel; flat-rolled products, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled (cold-reduced), not clad, plated or coated</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7210'>7210: Iron or non-alloy steel; flat-rolled products, width 600mm or more, clad, plated or coated</a>"]
A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7211'>7211: Iron or non-alloy steel; flat-rolled products, width less than 600mm, not clad, plated or coated</a>"]
A --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7212'>7212: Iron or non-alloy steel; flat-rolled products, width less than 600mm, clad, plated or coated</a>"]
A --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7213'>7213: Iron or non-alloy steel; bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils</a>"]
A --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7214'>7214: Iron or non-alloy steel; bars and rods, not further worked than forged, hot-rolled, hot drawn or hot-extruded, but including those twisted after rolling</a>"]
A --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7215'>7215: Iron or non-alloy steel; bars and rods, n.e.c. in chapter 72</a>"]
A --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7216'>7216: Iron or non-alloy steel, angles, shapes and sections</a>"]
A --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7217'>7217: Wire of iron or non-alloy steel</a>"]
A --> S["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7218'>7218: Stainless steel in ingots or other primary forms; semi-finished products of stainless steel</a>"]
A --> T["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7219'>7219: Stainless steel; flat-rolled products of width of 600mm or more</a>"]
A --> U["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7220'>7220: Stainless steel; flat-rolled products of width less than 600mm</a>"]
A --> V["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7221'>7221: Stainless steel bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils</a>"]
A --> W["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7222'>7222: Stainless steel bars and rods, angles, shapes and sections</a>"]
A --> X["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7223'>7223: Stainless steel wire</a>"]
A --> Y["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7224'>7224: Alloy steel in ingots or other primary forms, semi-finished products of other alloy steel</a>"]
A --> Z["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7225'>7225: Alloy steel flat-rolled products, of a width 600mm or more</a>"]
A --> BA["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7226'>7226: Alloy steel flat-rolled products, of a width of less than 600mm</a>"]
A --> BB["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7227'>7227: Steel, alloy; bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils</a>"]
A --> BC["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7228'>7228: Alloy steel bars, rods, shapes and sections; hollow drill bars and rods, of alloy or non-alloy steel</a>"]
A --> BD["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7229'>7229: Wire of other alloy steel</a>"]

    B --> BE["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/720310'>720310: Ferrous products; obtained by direct reduction of iron ore, in lumps, pellets or similar forms</a>"]
B --> BF["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/720390'>720390: Ferrous products; spongy ferrous products and iron having a minimum purity by weight of 99.94%, in lumps, pellets or similar forms</a>"]


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class C level4
class D level4
class E level4
class F level4
class G level4
class H level4
class I level4
class J level4
class K level4
class L level4
class M level4
class N level4
class O level4
class P level4
class Q level4
class R level4
class S level4
class T level4
class U level4
class V level4
class W level4
class X level4
class Y level4
class Z level4
class BA level4
class BB level4
class BC level4
class BD level4
class BE level6
class BF level6

  class B highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class B highlight