Stones; precious or semi-precious stones (natural, synthetic or reconstructed) articles of

HS code 711620 covers a diverse range of precious and semi-precious stones, both natural and synthetic or reconstructed. This industry plays a vital role in the global jewelry and luxury goods markets, providing the raw materials that are transformed into high-value products. The trade in these stones is a significant component of international commerce, with countries around the world engaging in the import and export of these valuable commodities.

The production of articles covered under HS code 711620 involves several key steps. Natural stones are mined and extracted from the earth, then cut, polished, and shaped to enhance their natural beauty and luster. Synthetic and reconstructed stones are created through advanced manufacturing processes, often mimicking the properties of their natural counterparts. Specialized techniques such as faceting, cabochon cutting, and heat treatment are employed to produce the desired aesthetic and physical characteristics.

The primary inputs for this industry are the raw materials - the precious and semi-precious stones themselves. This includes a wide variety of gemstones, such as diamonds, rubies, sapphires, emeralds, and amethysts, among others. In addition to the stones, the industry also relies on specialized equipment and machinery for mining, cutting, and polishing, as well as various chemicals and abrasives used in the manufacturing process.

The main outputs of this industry are the finished articles of precious and semi-precious stones, which are then used in the production of jewelry, decorative items, and other luxury goods. These articles may be classified under various other HS codes, such as 711311 Jewelry of silver, whether or not plated or clad with other precious metal and 711319 Jewelry of other precious metal, whether or not plated or clad with precious metal.