Stones; precious or semi-precious stones (natural, synthetic or reconstructed) articles of

HS code 711620 covers a diverse range of precious and semi-precious stones, both natural and synthetic or reconstructed. This industry plays a vital role in the global jewelry and luxury goods markets, providing the raw materials that are transformed into high-value, sought-after products. The trade in these stones is a significant component of international commerce, with a complex global supply chain involving mining, processing, and distribution to consumers worldwide.

The production of articles covered under HS code 711620 involves several key steps. Natural stones are extracted from mines and quarries, then cut, polished, and graded according to factors such as clarity, color, and carat weight. Synthetic and reconstructed stones are created through advanced manufacturing processes, often mimicking the properties of their natural counterparts. Precision cutting and shaping techniques are employed to produce the desired forms and dimensions for use in jewelry, decorative items, and other applications.

The primary inputs for this industry are the raw materials - the precious and semi-precious stones themselves. This includes a wide variety of gemstones, such as diamonds, rubies, sapphires, emeralds, and amethysts, among others. In addition to the stones, the industry requires specialized equipment for mining, cutting, and polishing, as well as skilled labor to carry out these processes. Energy, chemicals, and other consumables are also necessary for the various stages of production.

The main outputs of HS code 711620 are the finished articles of precious and semi-precious stones, which are then used in the manufacture of jewelry, watches, decorative objects, and other high-end products. These stones may also be used as inputs for other industries, such as 711310 Jewelry of gold, silver or platinum, 711411 Gold, unwrought or in semi-manufactured forms, or in powder form, and 711420 Platinum, unwrought or in semi-manufactured forms, or in powder form.