Cement, concrete or artificial stone; whether or not reinforced, articles thereof

HS v2022 Code: 6810

About cement, concrete or artificial stone; whether or not reinforced, articles thereof

HS code 6810 covers a diverse range of construction materials, including cement, concrete, and artificial stone products. These materials are essential components in the global construction industry, playing a crucial role in the development of infrastructure, buildings, and other structures. The 6810 industry is a significant contributor to economic growth, as the demand for these materials is closely tied to the overall health of the construction sector.

Production process

The production of cement, concrete, and artificial stone involves a series of complex processes. Cement, the primary binding agent, is typically manufactured by grinding and heating limestone, clay, and other raw materials in a kiln. Concrete is then created by mixing cement, aggregates (such as sand and gravel), and water. Artificial stone, on the other hand, is produced by molding and curing a mixture of cement, aggregates, and various additives to achieve desired properties and appearances.

Production inputs

The 6810 industry relies on a variety of raw materials and resources. In addition to the primary ingredients of cement (limestone, clay, and other minerals), concrete production requires aggregates, water, and admixtures. Artificial stone production may also utilize recycled materials, such as 6815 Nonmetallic mineral products, not elsewhere specified or included, as well as specialized additives and binders. The industry also requires specialized equipment, such as cement kilns, concrete mixers, and molding machines, to facilitate the manufacturing process.

Production outputs

The outputs of the 6810 industry are diverse and serve a wide range of applications. Cement, concrete, and artificial stone products are used extensively in the construction of buildings, roads, bridges, and other infrastructure. These materials are also utilized in the production of 6811 Articles of asbestos-cement, of cellulose fiber-cement or the like and 6812 Fabricated asbestos fibers; mixtures with a basis of asbestos or with a basis of asbestos and magnesium carbonate, which are closely related to the 6810 industry. Additionally, the 6810 industry supports the production of 6813 (Friction material and articles thereof (for example, sheets, rolls, strips, segments, discs, washers, pads), not mounted, for brakes, for clutches or the like, with a basis of asbestos, of other mineral substances or of cellulose, whether or not combined with textile or other materials).

Family tree for cement, concrete or artificial stone; whether or not reinforced, articles thereof

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/68'>68: Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, mica or similar materials; articles thereof</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/6810'>6810: Cement, concrete or artificial stone; whether or not reinforced, articles thereof</a>"]

    A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/6801'>6801: Stone; setts, curbstones and flagstones, of natural stone (except slate)</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/6802'>6802: Monumental or building stone, worked (except slate) and articles thereof (not of heading no. 6801) mosaic cubes etc., of natural stone including slate; artificially coloured granules of natural stone</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/6803'>6803: Slate, worked; and articles of slate or of agglomerated slate</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/6804'>6804: Millstones, grindstones, grinding wheels, etc without frameworks, for grinding, sharpening, polishing, etc and parts thereof, natural stone, agglomerated natural or artificial abrasives or of ceramics</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/6805'>6805: Abrasive powder or grain; natural or artificial, on a base of textile material, of paper, paperboard or of other material, whether or not cut to shape or sewn or otherwise made up</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/6806'>6806: Slag, rock wool and similar mineral wools; exfoliated vermiculite, expanded clays, foamed slag, mixtures and articles of heat, sound insulating or sound-absorbing mineral materials</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/6807'>6807: Asphalt or similar material; articles (e.g. petroleum bitumen or coal tar pitch)</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/6808'>6808: Panels, boards, tiles, blocks and the like; of vegetable fibre, of straw, shavings, chips, particles, sawdust or other waste, of wood, agglomerated with cement, plaster or other mineral binders</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/6809'>6809: Plaster or compositions based on plaster; articles thereof</a>"]
A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/6811'>6811: Asbestos-cement, of cellulose fibre-cement or the like</a>"]
A --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/6812'>6812: Fabricated asbestos fibres; mixtures with a basis of asbestos or of asbestos and magnesium carbonate; articles of such mixtures or of asbestos (e.g. thread, woven fabric, clothing, footwear), whether or not reinforced, not goods of heading 6811 or 6813</a>"]
A --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/6813'>6813: Friction material and articles thereof (e.g. sheets, rolls, strips, segments, discs, washers, pads) not mounted; for brakes, clutches or the like, with a basis of asbestos, other mineral substances, or cellulose</a>"]
A --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/6814'>6814: Mica; worked, articles of, including agglomerated or reconstituted mica; whether or not on a support of paper, paperboard or other materials</a>"]
A --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/6815'>6815: Stone or other mineral substances; articles thereof (including carbon fibres, articles of carbon fibres and articles of peat), not elsewhere specified or included</a>"]

    B --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/681011'>681011: Cement, concrete or artificial stone; building blocks or bricks, whether or not reinforced</a>"]
B --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/681019'>681019: Cement, concrete or artificial stone; tiles, flagstones and similar, (excluding building blocks and bricks) whether or not reinforced</a>"]
B --> S["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/681091'>681091: Cement, concrete or artificial stone; prefabricated structural components for building or civil engineering, whether or not reinforced</a>"]
B --> T["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/681099'>681099: Cement, concrete or artificial stone; articles (other than prefabricated structural components for building or civil engineering), whether or not reinforced, n.e.c. in heading no. 6810</a>"]


    %% Color coordination by level

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    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level4
class D level4
class E level4
class F level4
class G level4
class H level4
class I level4
class J level4
class K level4
class L level4
class M level4
class N level4
class O level4
class P level4
class Q level6
class R level6
class S level6
class T level6

  class B highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class B highlight