Leather; parings and other waste, of leather or composition leather; not suitable for the manufacture of leather articles; leather dust, powder and flour

HS code 411520 covers a range of leather waste and by-products that are not suitable for the manufacture of leather articles. This industry plays a vital role in the broader leather and textile supply chain, as it provides a means of repurposing and recycling leather waste that would otherwise end up in landfills. The proper management and processing of these materials is essential for maintaining a sustainable and environmentally-conscious leather industry.

The main production techniques involved in this industry include the collection, sorting, and processing of leather parings, dust, powder, and other waste materials. These materials are typically collected from leather manufacturing facilities, tanneries, and other sources. They are then sorted, cleaned, and processed into various forms, such as leather powder or granules, which can be used in a variety of applications.

The primary inputs for this industry are the leather waste and by-products generated by the 411120 (Leather; tanned or crust, of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on), 411130 Leather; tanned or crust, of other animals, without hair on, and 411140 Leather; tanned or crust, of sheep or lamb, without wool on industries. Additionally, the industry may require specialized machinery and equipment for the collection, sorting, and processing of these materials.

The main outputs of this industry are leather dust, powder, and flour, which can be used in a variety of applications, such as the production of 420500 Leather; articles of leather or of composition leather, n.e.c. in chapter 42, the manufacture of 420100 Leather; articles of apparel and clothing accessories, and the production of 401700 Rubber; articles thereof, n.e.c. in heading no. 4001 to 4011. These materials may also be used as fillers or additives in other industries.