Rubber; vulcanised (other than hard rubber), in plates, sheets and strip, of non-cellular rubber

HS code 400821 covers the classification of vulcanized rubber, other than hard rubber, in the form of plates, sheets, and strips. This industry plays a crucial role in the broader manufacturing and industrial sectors, providing essential materials for a wide range of applications, from automotive components to consumer goods. The versatility and durability of vulcanized rubber make it a highly sought-after material, contributing significantly to the global economy.

The production of vulcanized rubber, as described by HS code 400821, involves a multi-step process. The primary raw material, natural or synthetic rubber, is first compounded with various additives, such as fillers, accelerators, and vulcanizing agents. This mixture is then subjected to heat and pressure, a process known as vulcanization, which cross-links the polymer chains and enhances the material's physical properties. The vulcanized rubber is then extruded or calendered into the desired shape and thickness, resulting in the final plates, sheets, and strips.

The main inputs required for the production of vulcanized rubber, as per HS code 400821, include natural or synthetic rubber, as well as a range of chemical additives, such as sulfur, accelerators, and antioxidants. Additionally, specialized machinery, such as mixers, extruders, and calenders, are essential for the manufacturing process. The availability and quality of these raw materials and equipment play a crucial role in the industry's productivity and competitiveness.

The primary output of the industry covered by HS code 400821 is vulcanized rubber in the form of plates, sheets, and strips. These materials are widely used in the production of a variety of goods, including 401110 Pneumatic tyres, new, of rubber, 401120 Pneumatic tyres, new, of rubber for buses or lorries, 401693 Gaskets, washers and other seals, of vulcanised rubber other than hard rubber, and 401699 Articles of vulcanised rubber other than hard rubber, n.e.s.. The versatility of vulcanized rubber ensures a steady demand from various downstream industries, contributing to the overall economic activity.