Rubber; vulcanised (other than hard rubber), in plates, sheets and strip, of non-cellular rubber

HS code 400821 covers the classification of vulcanized rubber, other than hard rubber, in the form of plates, sheets, and strips. This industry plays a crucial role in the broader rubber and plastics sector, providing essential materials for a wide range of applications across various industries, including automotive, construction, and consumer goods. The production and trade of these rubber products are significant contributors to the global economy.

The production of vulcanized rubber products under HS code 400821 typically involves a multi-step process. The key steps include the mixing of raw rubber materials, such as natural or synthetic rubber, with various additives and chemicals to achieve the desired properties. The mixture is then heated and pressed into the desired shape, often using molds or calendering machines. The vulcanization process, which involves the cross-linking of rubber molecules, is a critical step that enhances the material's strength, durability, and resistance to heat, chemicals, and other environmental factors.

The main inputs required for the production of vulcanized rubber products under HS code 400821 include natural and synthetic rubber, as well as a range of additives such as sulfur, accelerators, and reinforcing agents like carbon black or silica. Specialized machinery, such as mixers, extruders, and calenders, are also essential for the manufacturing process. Additionally, energy sources, such as electricity or steam, are necessary to power the production equipment and facilitate the vulcanization step.

The primary outputs of the industry covered by HS code 400821 are vulcanized rubber plates, sheets, and strips, which can be further processed or incorporated into a wide range of products. These materials may be used in the production of 401110 (Rubber; new pneumatic tyres, of a kind used on motor cars (including station wagons and racing cars)), 401120 Rubber; new pneumatic tyres, of a kind used on buses or lorries, 401490 Rubber; articles of vulcanised rubber n.e.c. in heading no. 4014, and various other rubber-based components and goods.