Dyes; acid, whether or not premetallised and preparations based thereon, mordant dyes and preparations based thereon

HS v2022 Code: 320412

About dyes; acid, whether or not premetallised and preparations based thereon, mordant dyes and preparations based thereon

HS code 320412 covers a range of acid dyes and preparations based on them, including mordant dyes. These dyes are widely used in the textile, paper, and leather industries to impart color to various materials. They play a crucial role in the global manufacturing and trade of colored products, contributing to the broader economy through their versatile applications.

Production process

The production of acid dyes and related preparations involves several key steps. First, the raw materials, which may include organic compounds, metals, and other chemicals, are carefully selected and combined. These components are then subjected to various chemical reactions, such as sulfonation, diazotization, and coupling, to create the desired dye molecules. The resulting dye is then purified, formulated, and packaged for distribution.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of acid dyes and related preparations include organic compounds, such as aromatic amines and phenols, as well as inorganic chemicals like sulfuric acid and metal salts. Additionally, specialized equipment like reactors, filtration systems, and drying units are necessary for the manufacturing process. The availability and quality of these raw materials and machinery are critical to the industry's ability to meet the growing demand for colored products.

Production outputs

The primary outputs of HS code 320412 are acid dyes and preparations based on them, including mordant dyes. These dyes are widely used in the 50 Textile, 48 Paper, and 41 Leather industries to impart color to a variety of materials. The dyes produced under this code may also be used as inputs for the production of other 32 Tanning and dyeing extracts; tannins and their derivatives; dyes, pigments and other coloring matter; paints and varnishes; putty and other mastics; inks products.

Revisions to 320412

Classification codes are adjusted frequently. The code may have been revised or replaced between system versions. The table below shows the history (newest to oldest) of the code 320412. The most recent 1 version of this code (320412) is in the HS v2022 system (this version):

This page shows the most recent version of code 320412.

Family tree for dyes; acid, whether or not premetallised and preparations based thereon, mordant dyes and preparations based thereon

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/32'>32: Tanning or dyeing extracts; tannins and their derivatives; dyes, pigments and other colouring matter; paints, varnishes; putty, other mastics; inks</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/3204'>3204: Synthetic organic colouring matter and preparations based thereon; synthetic organic products used as fluorescent brightening agents or as luminophores; whether or not chemically defined</a>"]
B --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/320412'>320412: Dyes; acid, whether or not premetallised and preparations based thereon, mordant dyes and preparations based thereon</a>"]

    B --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/320411'>320411: Dyes; disperse dyes and preparations based thereon</a>"]
B --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/320413'>320413: Dyes; basic dyes and preparations based thereon</a>"]
B --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/320414'>320414: Dyes; direct dyes and preparations based thereon</a>"]
B --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/320415'>320415: Dyes; vat dyes (including those usable in that state as pigments) and preparations based thereon</a>"]
B --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/320416'>320416: Dyes; reactive dyes and preparations based thereon</a>"]
B --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/320417'>320417: Dyes; pigments and preparations based thereon</a>"]
B --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/320418'>320418: Dyes; carotenoid colouring matters and preparations based thereon</a>"]
B --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/320419'>320419: Dyes; n.e.c., including mixtures of colouring matter of two or more of those from item no. 3204.11 to 3204.19</a>"]
B --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/320420'>320420: Dyes; synthetic organic products of a kind used as fluorescent brightening agents</a>"]
B --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/320490'>320490: Dyes; synthetic organic products n.e.c. in heading no. 3204 (e.g. of a kind used as luminophores), whether or not chemically defined</a>"]

    

    %% Color coordination by level

    classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level6
class D level6
class E level6
class F level6
class G level6
class H level6
class I level6
class J level6
class K level6
class L level6
class M level6

  class C highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class C highlight