Lead; lead monoxide (litharge, massicot)

HS code 282410 covers lead and lead monoxide, which are essential materials in various industries. Lead is a dense, malleable, and corrosion-resistant metal with a wide range of applications, including the production of batteries, radiation shielding, and construction materials. Lead monoxide, also known as litharge or massicot, is a key compound derived from lead and is used in the manufacturing of glass, ceramics, and other specialized products. This industry plays a crucial role in supporting the global economy, providing critical inputs for numerous downstream sectors.

The production of lead and lead monoxide involves several key steps. Lead is primarily extracted from lead-bearing ores through a process of smelting, which involves the reduction of the ore to obtain the pure metal. Lead monoxide is then produced by oxidizing the lead in a controlled environment, typically through a process of heating and air exposure. The resulting lead monoxide is then further refined and processed to meet the specific requirements of various applications.

The production of lead and lead monoxide requires several key inputs, including lead-bearing ores, energy sources for smelting and oxidation processes, and specialized equipment such as furnaces and refining systems. Additionally, the industry relies on a skilled workforce to operate the production facilities and ensure the quality and safety of the final products.

The primary outputs of HS code 282410 are lead and lead monoxide, which are used in a wide range of industries. Lead is a key component in the production of 854020 lead-acid batteries, which are essential for the automotive and renewable energy sectors. Lead monoxide is used in the manufacturing of 701939 glass and ceramic products, as well as in the production of certain types of paints and pigments. The outputs of this industry are crucial inputs for numerous other 999999 downstream industries.