Spices; seeds of anise, badian, caraway or fennel; juniper berries, neither crushed nor ground

HS code 090961 covers a range of spices and seeds that are widely used in culinary and medicinal applications worldwide. These products are an essential part of the global spice trade, contributing to the flavors and aromas of various cuisines. The spices and seeds under this code play a vital role in the food and beverage industry, as well as in the production of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and other consumer goods.

The production of the spices and seeds covered by HS code 090961 typically involves harvesting, drying, and processing the raw materials. Depending on the specific product, the seeds or berries may be hand-picked or mechanically harvested. They are then dried using various methods, such as sun-drying or using specialized drying equipment. In some cases, the dried products may undergo further processing, such as cleaning, sorting, or packaging, before being distributed to domestic and international markets.

The main inputs required for the production of the spices and seeds under HS code 090961 include the raw agricultural products, such as anise, badian, caraway, fennel, and juniper berries. Additionally, producers may require specialized equipment for harvesting, drying, and processing the raw materials. Labor, energy, and transportation resources are also essential inputs for this industry.

The spices and seeds covered by HS code 090961 are primarily used as flavorings and seasonings in the food and beverage industry. They are commonly used in the production of various dishes, sauces, and condiments. Additionally, these products may be used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, as well as in the production of essential oils and other aromatic compounds. Other HS codes that may consume the outputs of this industry include 090910 (Spices; ginger, saffron, turmeric (curcuma), thyme, bay leaves, curry and other spices), 121190 (Plants and parts of plants (including seeds and fruits), of a kind used primarily in perfumery, in pharmacy or for insecticidal, fungicidal or similar purposes, fresh or dried, whether or not cut, crushed or powdered), and 330124 Essential oils; of other citrus fruit.