Titanium; unwrought, powders

hs code 810820 covers the import and export of unwrought titanium and titanium powders. Titanium is a versatile and lightweight metal with a wide range of industrial applications, making it an important commodity in the global economy. This code is particularly significant for industries such as aerospace, automotive, and medical equipment manufacturing, where titanium's unique properties of high strength, corrosion resistance, and low density make it an essential material.

Titanium is primarily produced through the Kroll process, which involves the reduction of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) with magnesium to form sponge titanium. The sponge is then melted and cast into ingots or other shapes, which can then be further processed into various titanium products, including powders. Titanium powders are produced through techniques such as gas atomization, plasma atomization, and hydride-dehydride processes, which create fine, spherical particles with controlled size and morphology.

The production of titanium and titanium powders requires several key inputs, including titanium ore (ilmenite or rutile), chlorine gas, and reducing agents such as magnesium. Additionally, specialized equipment like vacuum furnaces, atomization towers, and powder handling systems are essential for the various stages of titanium production and processing.

The primary outputs of hs code 810820 are unwrought titanium and titanium powders, which are then used as inputs for a wide range of downstream industries. These include the manufacture of 871320 aircraft, 870323 automobiles, 901839 medical devices, and 848180 industrial machinery. Titanium's unique properties make it a valuable material for applications requiring high strength, corrosion resistance, and lightweight construction.