Natural, cultured pearls; precious, semi-precious stones; precious metals, metals clad with precious metal, and articles thereof; imitation jewellery; coin

HS v2017 Code: 71

Chapter	Heading	Sub-heading
71	n/a	n/a

Code	71
Version	HS v2017
Hierarchy Level	2
Datasource	WCO

This Code: Natural, cultured pearls; precious, semi-precious stones; precious metals, metals clad with precious metal, and articles thereof; imitation jewellery; coin

Child Codes: Dust and powder of natural or synthetic precious or semi-precious stone; Coin; Articles of goldsmiths' or silversmiths' wares and parts thereof, of precious metal or of metal clad with precious metal; Silver (including silver plated with gold or platinum); unwrought or in semi-manufactured forms, or in powder form; Waste and scrap of precious metal or of metal clad with precious metal; other waste and scrap containing precious metal compounds, of a kind uses principally for the recovery of precious metal; Articles of precious metal or of metal clad with precious metal; Base metals clad with silver; not further worked than semi-manufactured; Base metals or silver, clad with gold, not further worked than semi-manufactured; Base metals, silver or gold, clad with platinum; not further worked than semi-manufactured; Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set; Articles of natural or cultured pearls, precious or semi-precious stones (natural, synthetic or reconstructed); Imitation jewellery; Precious (excluding diamond) and semi-precious stone; worked, graded, not strung, mounted, set; ungraded precious (excluding diamond) and semi-precious stone, temporarily strung for convenience of transport; Synthetic, reconstructed precious, semi-precious stone worked, graded or not, not strung or mounted, set; ungraded synthetic, reconstructed precious, semi-precious stones, temporarily strung for transport; Gold (including gold plated with platinum) unwrought or in semi-manufactured forms, or in powder form; Platinum; unwrought or in semi-manufactured forms, or in powder form; Jewellery articles and parts thereof, of precious metal or of metal clad with precious metal; Pearls; natural or cultured, whether or not worked or graded but not strung, mounted or set; pearls, natural or cultured, temporarily strung for the convenience of transport

About natural, cultured pearls; precious, semi-precious stones; precious metals, metals clad with precious metal, and articles thereof; imitation jewellery; coin

HS code 71 encompasses a diverse range of high-value products, including natural and cultured pearls, precious and semi-precious stones, precious metals, and articles made from these materials. This industry plays a crucial role in the global economy, catering to the demand for luxury goods, investment assets, and industrial applications. The products covered under this code are highly sought after for their rarity, beauty, and intrinsic value, making them an important part of the international trade landscape.

Production process

The production techniques involved in this industry vary depending on the specific product. For natural and cultured pearls, the process typically involves the cultivation and harvesting of mollusks, such as oysters and mussels, which produce the pearls. Precious and semi-precious stones are often mined from the earth, with various methods used to extract, sort, and cut the raw materials. Precious metals, such as gold and silver, are extracted from ore deposits and then refined, alloyed, and shaped into a wide range of products, including jewelry, coins, and industrial components.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for this industry include the raw materials, such as pearls, gemstones, and precious metals, as well as specialized equipment and machinery for mining, processing, and manufacturing. Additionally, skilled labor, including gemologists, jewelers, and metalworkers, is essential for the production and crafting of the final products. Energy sources, such as electricity and fuel, are also necessary for the various production processes involved.

Production outputs

The outputs of this industry are diverse and include a wide range of products, such as 7101 Natural, cultured pearls, 7102 Diamonds, 7103 Precious stones, 7104 Synthetic or reconstructed precious or semi-precious stones, 7106 Silver, 7108 Gold, 7109 Base metals or silver, clad with gold, 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal or of metal clad with precious metal, 7114 Articles of goldsmiths' or silversmiths' wares and parts thereof, of precious metal or of metal clad with precious metal, and 7115 Other articles of precious metal or of metal clad with precious metal. These products are used in a variety of industries, including jewelry, luxury goods, investment, and industrial applications.

Family tree for natural, cultured pearls; precious, semi-precious stones; precious metals, metals clad with precious metal, and articles thereof; imitation jewellery; coin

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/71'>71: Natural, cultured pearls; precious, semi-precious stones; precious metals, metals clad with precious metal, and articles thereof; imitation jewellery; coin</a>"]

    
    A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7101'>7101: Pearls; natural or cultured, whether or not worked or graded but not strung, mounted or set; pearls, natural or cultured, temporarily strung for the convenience of transport</a>"]
A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7102'>7102: Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7103'>7103: Precious (excluding diamond) and semi-precious stone; worked, graded, not strung, mounted, set; ungraded precious (excluding diamond) and semi-precious stone, temporarily strung for convenience of transport</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7104'>7104: Synthetic, reconstructed precious, semi-precious stone worked, graded or not, not strung or mounted, set; ungraded synthetic, reconstructed precious, semi-precious stones, temporarily strung for transport</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7105'>7105: Dust and powder of natural or synthetic precious or semi-precious stone</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7106'>7106: Silver (including silver plated with gold or platinum); unwrought or in semi-manufactured forms, or in powder form</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7107'>7107: Base metals clad with silver; not further worked than semi-manufactured</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7108'>7108: Gold (including gold plated with platinum) unwrought or in semi-manufactured forms, or in powder form</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7109'>7109: Base metals or silver, clad with gold, not further worked than semi-manufactured</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7110'>7110: Platinum; unwrought or in semi-manufactured forms, or in powder form</a>"]
A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7111'>7111: Base metals, silver or gold, clad with platinum; not further worked than semi-manufactured</a>"]
A --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7112'>7112: Waste and scrap of precious metal or of metal clad with precious metal; other waste and scrap containing precious metal compounds, of a kind uses principally for the recovery of precious metal</a>"]
A --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7113'>7113: Jewellery articles and parts thereof, of precious metal or of metal clad with precious metal</a>"]
A --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7114'>7114: Articles of goldsmiths' or silversmiths' wares and parts thereof, of precious metal or of metal clad with precious metal</a>"]
A --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7115'>7115: Articles of precious metal or of metal clad with precious metal</a>"]
A --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7116'>7116: Articles of natural or cultured pearls, precious or semi-precious stones (natural, synthetic or reconstructed)</a>"]
A --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7117'>7117: Imitation jewellery</a>"]
A --> S["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7118'>7118: Coin</a>"]


    %% Color coordination by level

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    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
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    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
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class B level4
class C level4
class D level4
class E level4
class F level4
class G level4
class H level4
class I level4
class J level4
class K level4
class L level4
class M level4
class N level4
class O level4
class P level4
class Q level4
class R level4
class S level4

  class A highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
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