Glass envelopes (including bulbs and tubes); open, and glass parts thereof, without fittings, other than for electric lighting and cathode-ray tubes

HS code 701190 covers a diverse range of glass products, including envelopes, bulbs, and tubes, that are used in a variety of industries. These glass components are essential for various applications, from lighting fixtures to electronic devices, and play a crucial role in the global economy. The production and trade of these glass products are significant, as they support a wide range of industries and contribute to the overall development of the manufacturing sector.

The production of glass envelopes, bulbs, and tubes involves several key steps. The process typically begins with the melting of raw materials, such as sand, soda ash, and limestone, in a furnace to create the desired glass composition. The molten glass is then formed into the desired shape using various techniques, such as blowing, pressing, or drawing. Depending on the specific application, the glass components may undergo additional processing, such as annealing or coating, to enhance their properties and durability.

The main inputs required for the production of glass envelopes, bulbs, and tubes include high-quality raw materials, such as 2505 Silica Sands, 2511 Calcium Carbonate, and 2807 Sodium Hydroxide. Additionally, specialized machinery and equipment, such as glass-forming machines and annealing ovens, are essential for the manufacturing process. The industry also relies on skilled labor, energy sources, and transportation infrastructure to support the production and distribution of these glass components.

The primary outputs of HS code 701190 are glass envelopes, bulbs, and tubes, which are used in a wide range of applications. These glass components are often consumed by industries such as 8539 Electric Lamps and Lighting Fittings, 8540 Thermionic, Cold Cathode or Photocathode Valves and Tubes, and 9405 Lamps and Lighting Fittings, among others. The versatility of these glass products allows them to be integrated into various consumer and industrial products, contributing to the overall growth and development of the global economy.