Cement, concrete or artificial stone; whether or not reinforced, articles thereof

HS v2017 Code: 6810

About cement, concrete or artificial stone; whether or not reinforced, articles thereof

HS code 6810 covers a diverse range of construction materials, including cement, concrete, and artificial stone products. These materials are essential components in the global building and infrastructure industry, playing a crucial role in the development of residential, commercial, and public works projects. The 6810 industry is a significant contributor to the overall economy, providing raw materials and specialized products that are in high demand worldwide.

Production process

The production of cement, concrete, and artificial stone involves a series of complex processes. Cement, the primary binding agent, is typically manufactured by grinding and heating limestone, clay, and other minerals to create a fine powder. Concrete is then produced by mixing cement, aggregates (such as sand and gravel), and water, which is then poured and allowed to harden. Artificial stone, on the other hand, is created by molding and curing a mixture of cement, aggregates, and various additives to achieve desired properties and aesthetics.

Production inputs

The 6810 industry relies on a variety of raw materials and resources. The primary inputs include limestone, clay, sand, gravel, and water, which are used in the production of cement and concrete. Specialized machinery, such as cement kilns, mixers, and molds, are also essential for the manufacturing process. Additionally, the industry may utilize reinforcing materials, such as steel or fiberglass, to enhance the strength and durability of the final products.

Production outputs

The 6810 industry produces a wide range of construction materials, including 6811 Articles of asbestos-cement, of cellulose fiber-cement or the like, 6812 Fabricated asbestos fibers; mixtures with a basis of asbestos or with a basis of asbestos and magnesium carbonate, and 6813 (Friction material and articles thereof (for example, sheets, rolls, strips, segments, discs, washers, pads), not mounted, for brakes, for clutches or the like, with a basis of asbestos, of other mineral substances or of cellulose, whether or not combined with textile or other materials). These materials are essential inputs for the construction and infrastructure sectors, as well as various other industries that rely on durable and reliable building materials.

Family tree for cement, concrete or artificial stone; whether or not reinforced, articles thereof

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/68'>68: Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, mica or similar materials; articles thereof</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/6810'>6810: Cement, concrete or artificial stone; whether or not reinforced, articles thereof</a>"]

    A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/6801'>6801: Stone; setts, curbstones and flagstones, of natural stone (except slate)</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/6802'>6802: Monumental or building stone, worked (except slate) and articles thereof (not of heading no. 6801) mosaic cubes etc., of natural stone including slate; artificially coloured granules of natural stone</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/6803'>6803: Slate, worked; and articles of slate or of agglomerated slate</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/6804'>6804: Millstones, grindstones, grinding wheels, etc without frameworks, for grinding, sharpening, polishing, etc and parts thereof, natural stone, agglomerated natural or artificial abrasives or of ceramics</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/6805'>6805: Abrasive powder or grain; natural or artificial, on a base of textile material, of paper, paperboard or of other material, whether or not cut to shape or sewn or otherwise made up</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/6806'>6806: Slag, rock wool and similar mineral wools; exfoliated vermiculite, expanded clays, foamed slag, mixtures and articles of heat, sound insulating or sound-absorbing mineral materials</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/6807'>6807: Asphalt or similar material; articles (e.g. petroleum bitumen or coal tar pitch)</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/6808'>6808: Panels, boards, tiles, blocks and the like; of vegetable fibre, of straw, shavings, chips, particles, sawdust or other waste, of wood, agglomerated with cement, plaster or other mineral binders</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/6809'>6809: Plaster or compositions based on plaster; articles thereof</a>"]
A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/6811'>6811: Asbestos-cement, of cellulose fibre-cement or the like</a>"]
A --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/6812'>6812: Fabricated asbestos fibres; mixtures with a basis of asbestos or of asbestos and magnesium carbonate; articles of such mixtures or of asbestos (e.g. thread, woven fabric, clothing, footwear), whether or not reinforced, not goods of heading 6811 or 6813</a>"]
A --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/6813'>6813: Friction material and articles thereof (e.g. sheets, rolls, strips, segments, discs, washers, pads) not mounted; for brakes, clutches or the like, with a basis of asbestos, other mineral substances, or cellulose</a>"]
A --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/6814'>6814: Mica; worked, articles of, including agglomerated or reconstituted mica; whether or not on a support of paper, paperboard or other materials</a>"]
A --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/6815'>6815: Stone or other mineral substances; articles thereof (including articles of peat), n.e.c. or included</a>"]

    B --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/681011'>681011: Cement, concrete or artificial stone; building blocks or bricks, whether or not reinforced</a>"]
B --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/681019'>681019: Cement, concrete or artificial stone; tiles, flagstones and similar, (excluding building blocks and bricks) whether or not reinforced</a>"]
B --> S["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/681091'>681091: Cement, concrete or artificial stone; prefabricated structural components for building or civil engineering, whether or not reinforced</a>"]
B --> T["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/681099'>681099: Cement, concrete or artificial stone; articles (other than prefabricated structural components for building or civil engineering), whether or not reinforced, n.e.c. in heading no. 6810</a>"]


    %% Color coordination by level

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    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level4
class D level4
class E level4
class F level4
class G level4
class H level4
class I level4
class J level4
class K level4
class L level4
class M level4
class N level4
class O level4
class P level4
class Q level6
class R level6
class S level6
class T level6

  class B highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class B highlight