Marble, travertine and alabaster; articles thereof, (other than simply cut or sawn, with a flat or even surface)
HS v2017 Code: 680291
About marble, travertine and alabaster; articles thereof, (other than simply cut or sawn, with a flat or even surface)
HS code 680291 covers a wide range of products made from marble, travertine, and alabaster. These natural stone materials have been used for centuries in construction, art, and decorative applications. The global market for these products is substantial, driven by their aesthetic appeal, durability, and versatility. This industry plays a crucial role in the broader construction and interior design sectors, providing essential raw materials and finished goods.
Production process
The production of articles under HS code 680291 typically involves a combination of quarrying, cutting, shaping, and finishing techniques. Quarrying is the initial step, where the raw stone is extracted from the earth. The blocks are then cut and shaped using specialized machinery, such as saws, lathes, and polishing equipment. Artisanal techniques, like hand-carving, may also be employed for more intricate or bespoke designs. The final products are often polished, honed, or otherwise finished to enhance their appearance and durability.
Production inputs
The primary inputs for this industry are the raw materials: marble, travertine, and alabaster. These natural stones are sourced from quarries around the world, with major producers located in countries like Italy, Turkey, and the United States. In addition to the raw materials, the industry also relies on specialized machinery, tools, and skilled labor to transform the raw stones into finished articles. Energy, water, and various chemicals or abrasives may also be required for the cutting, shaping, and finishing processes.
Production outputs
The main outputs of this industry are a wide range of finished articles, including tiles, slabs, sculptures, architectural elements, and decorative items. These products are used in a variety of applications, such as 441820 Doors, windows and their frames and thresholds for doors, 680221 Marble, travertine and alabaster, simply cut or sawn, with a flat or even surface, and 940360 Prefabricated buildings. The industry's outputs are consumed by sectors like construction, interior design, and the arts, contributing to the overall aesthetic and functional value of built environments.
Revisions to 680291
Classification codes are adjusted frequently. The code may have been revised or replaced between system versions. The table below shows the history (newest to oldest) of the code 680291. The most recent 1 version of this code (680291) is in the HS v2022 system:
This page shows a legacy version of code 680291 ( HS v2017).
Newer versions
Older versions
Family tree for marble, travertine and alabaster; articles thereof, (other than simply cut or sawn, with a flat or even surface)
graph LR A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/68'>68: Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, mica or similar materials; articles thereof</a>"] A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/6802'>6802: Monumental or building stone, worked (except slate) and articles thereof (not of heading no. 6801) mosaic cubes etc., of natural stone including slate; artificially coloured granules of natural stone</a>"] B --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/680291'>680291: Marble, travertine and alabaster; articles thereof, (other than simply cut or sawn, with a flat or even surface)</a>"] B --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/680210'>680210: Tiles, cubes and similar articles; whether or not rectangular (including square), largest surface area of which is capable of being enclosed in square, side less than 7cm, coloured granules, chippings, powder</a>"] B --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/680221'>680221: Marble, travertine and alabaster; simply cut or sawn, with a flat or even surface</a>"] B --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/680223'>680223: Granite; articles thereof, simply cut or sawn, with a flat or even surface</a>"] B --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/680229'>680229: Stone; monumental or building stone, n.e.c. in item no. 6802.2, articles thereof, simply cut or sawn, with a flat or even surface</a>"] B --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/680292'>680292: Stone; calcareous (excluding marble, travertine, alabaster) articles thereof, (other than simply cut or sawn, with a flat or even surface)</a>"] B --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/680293'>680293: Granite; articles thereof, (other than simply cut or sawn, with a flat or even surface)</a>"] B --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/680299'>680299: Stone; natural (excluding marble, travertine, alabaster, other calcareous stone or granite), monumental or building stone, (other than simply cut or sawn, with a flat or even surface)</a>"] %% Color coordination by level classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px %% Apply classes class A level2 class B level4 class C level6 class D level6 class E level6 class F level6 class G level6 class H level6 class I level6 class J level6 class C highlight %% class A level1 %% class B,C level2 %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2 %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3 %% class C highlight