Rubber; inner tubes, of a kind used on motorcars (including station wagons and racing cars), buses and lorries

HS code 401310 covers the import and export of rubber inner tubes used in a variety of motor vehicles, including cars, buses, and lorries. This industry plays a crucial role in the broader automotive and transportation sectors, providing essential components that ensure the safe and efficient operation of these vehicles. The global demand for these inner tubes is driven by factors such as the growth of the automotive industry, the need for replacement parts, and the increasing focus on vehicle safety and performance.

The production of rubber inner tubes for motor vehicles involves a multi-step process. First, raw rubber materials are mixed with various additives, such as carbon black and vulcanizing agents, to create a compound with the desired properties. This compound is then extruded or molded into the shape of the inner tube, with precise dimensions to fit the specific vehicle application. The inner tubes are then subjected to a vulcanization process, which involves the application of heat and pressure to crosslink the rubber molecules and improve the material's strength, durability, and resistance to wear and tear.

The main inputs required for the production of rubber inner tubes under HS code 401310 include natural and synthetic rubber, as well as various chemical additives such as carbon black, accelerators, and antioxidants. Additionally, specialized machinery and equipment, such as extruders, molding machines, and vulcanization presses, are essential for the manufacturing process. The availability and quality of these raw materials and production equipment are critical factors in ensuring the consistent supply and performance of the final products.

The primary output of the industry covered by HS code 401310 is rubber inner tubes for use in motor vehicles, including cars, buses, and lorries. These inner tubes are essential components that provide the necessary air pressure and support for the tires, ensuring a smooth and safe ride. The inner tubes produced under this code may be consumed by 401120 (Rubber; new pneumatic tyres, of a kind used on motor cars (including station wagons and racing cars)) and 401140 Rubber; new pneumatic tyres, of a kind used on motorcycles or bicycles manufacturers, as well as by the aftermarket for vehicle maintenance and replacement parts.