Rubber; inner tubes, of a kind used on motorcars (including station wagons and racing cars), buses and lorries

HS code 401310 covers the import and export of rubber inner tubes used in a variety of motor vehicles, including cars, buses, and trucks. This industry plays a crucial role in the broader automotive supply chain, providing essential components that enable the safe and efficient operation of these vehicles. The global demand for these inner tubes is driven by factors such as the growth of the automotive industry, increasing vehicle ownership, and the need for regular maintenance and replacement of worn-out parts.

The production of rubber inner tubes for motor vehicles typically involves a multi-step process. First, raw rubber materials are mixed with various additives, such as reinforcing agents and vulcanizing chemicals, to create a compound with the desired properties. This compound is then extruded or molded into the desired tube shape, often with reinforcing layers of fabric or steel to enhance durability. The tubes are then cured or vulcanized, a process that cross-links the rubber molecules to improve their strength and resistance to wear and tear. Finally, the tubes undergo quality control checks and are packaged for distribution.

The main inputs required for the production of HS code 401310 inner tubes include natural and synthetic rubber, as well as various chemical additives such as accelerators, antioxidants, and reinforcing agents. Specialized machinery, such as extruders, molding equipment, and vulcanizing presses, are also essential for the manufacturing process. Additionally, the industry relies on a skilled workforce with expertise in rubber processing and quality control.

The primary output of HS code 401310 is rubber inner tubes for use in motor vehicles, including 871200 motorcycles, 870210 buses, and 870120 trucks. These inner tubes are then consumed by the automotive industry, where they are installed as replacement parts or as original equipment in new vehicle production. The industry's output also supports the maintenance and repair of existing vehicles, contributing to the overall efficiency and safety of the transportation sector.