Dyes; direct dyes and preparations based thereon

HS v2017 Code: 320414

About dyes; direct dyes and preparations based thereon

HS code 320414 covers the trade and production of direct dyes and preparations based on these dyes. Direct dyes are a class of colorants that are widely used in the textile, paper, and other industries due to their ease of application and good colorfastness. This industry plays a crucial role in the global supply chain, providing essential inputs for a range of manufacturing and processing activities.

Production process

The production of direct dyes typically involves a multi-step chemical synthesis process. This often begins with the preparation of the dye intermediates, followed by coupling reactions and purification steps to obtain the final dye product. Manufacturers may also formulate direct dye preparations by combining the dyes with various additives and auxiliaries to enhance their performance and application properties.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of direct dyes and preparations under HS code 320414 include organic chemical feedstocks, such as aromatic compounds and coupling agents. Specialized production equipment, such as reactors, filtration systems, and drying units, are also essential. Additionally, the industry relies on a range of auxiliary chemicals, including dispersants, wetting agents, and pH modifiers, to optimize the dye formulations.

Production outputs

The primary outputs of this industry are direct dyes and their preparations, which are then consumed by various downstream industries. These include the 5303 Textile, 4701 Pulp and paper, and 3204 Synthetic organic coloring matter sectors, among others. The direct dyes produced under HS code 320414 can be further classified into subgroups based on their chemical structure and application properties.

Revisions to 320414

Classification codes are adjusted frequently. The code may have been revised or replaced between system versions. The table below shows the history (newest to oldest) of the code 320414. The most recent 1 version of this code (320414) is in the HS v2022 system:

This page shows a legacy version of code 320414 ( HS v2017).

Newer versions

Family tree for dyes; direct dyes and preparations based thereon

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/32'>32: Tanning or dyeing extracts; tannins and their derivatives; dyes, pigments and other colouring matter; paints, varnishes; putty, other mastics; inks</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/3204'>3204: Synthetic organic colouring matter and preparations based thereon; synthetic organic products used as fluorescent brightening agents or as luminophores; whether or not chemically defined</a>"]
B --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/320414'>320414: Dyes; direct dyes and preparations based thereon</a>"]

    B --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/320411'>320411: Dyes; disperse dyes and preparations based thereon</a>"]
B --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/320412'>320412: Dyes; acid, whether or not premetallised and preparations based thereon, mordant dyes and preparations based thereon</a>"]
B --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/320413'>320413: Dyes; basic dyes and preparations based thereon</a>"]
B --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/320415'>320415: Dyes; vat dyes (including those usable in that state as pigments) and preparations based thereon</a>"]
B --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/320416'>320416: Dyes; reactive dyes and preparations based thereon</a>"]
B --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/320417'>320417: Dyes; pigments and preparations based thereon</a>"]
B --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/320419'>320419: Dyes; n.e.c., including mixtures of colouring matter of two or more of those from item no. 3204.11 to 3204.19</a>"]
B --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/320420'>320420: Dyes; synthetic organic products of a kind used as fluorescent brightening agents</a>"]
B --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/320490'>320490: Dyes; synthetic organic products n.e.c. in heading no. 3204 (e.g. of a kind used as luminophores), whether or not chemically defined</a>"]

    

    %% Color coordination by level

    classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level6
class D level6
class E level6
class F level6
class G level6
class H level6
class I level6
class J level6
class K level6
class L level6

  class C highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class C highlight