Manufacture of cement

NACE code 23.51 covers the manufacture of cement, a vital construction material that is essential for the development of infrastructure, buildings, and other structures. The cement industry plays a crucial role in the broader economy, supporting a wide range of downstream industries and contributing to economic growth and development.

The production of cement involves several key steps. First, raw materials such as limestone, clay, and other minerals are extracted and crushed. These materials are then carefully measured, mixed, and heated in a kiln to produce clinker, the primary ingredient of cement. The clinker is then ground and mixed with other additives, such as gypsum, to create the final cement product. This process ensures the cement meets specific strength, durability, and performance requirements.

The cement industry relies on a variety of raw materials, including limestone, clay, shale, and other mineral resources. Additionally, the industry requires significant energy inputs, such as coal or natural gas, to power the high-temperature kilns used in the production process. Specialized machinery, including crushers, mills, and kilns, are also essential for the efficient manufacture of cement.

The primary output of the cement industry is the cement itself, which is then used as a key ingredient in the production of concrete, mortar, and other construction materials. The cement produced under NACE code 23.51 is often consumed by industries classified under 23.61 Manufacture of concrete products for construction, 41.20 Construction of residential and non-residential buildings, and 42.11 Construction of roads and motorways.